ReviewCureus2021
Diabetes Insipidus: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Clinical Management.
Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Xanthoma Disseminatum.Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgeryPooled it
- Genetic Insights Into AVP Deficiency: Identification of a Novel AVP Variant and Compilation of a Curated Catalogue of Pathogenic Variants.Clinical genetics · 2026Article
- The interplay of von Willebrand disease and women's reproductive health.Blood advances · 2026Review
- Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency and Oxytocin Deficiency in the Endocrine Clinic.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
- Sodium and Water Homeostasis in Children: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Real-world pharmacovigilance study of drug-induced diabetes insipidus from the FAERS database.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Haemostasis and beyond: The expanding role of desmopressin in intensive care.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Diabetes insipidus: Is it the cause or the consequence of intracranial hypotension?Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Article
- Beyond Biomarkers: Blending Copeptin and Clinical Cues to Distinguish Central Diabetes Insipidus from Primary Polydipsia in Children.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Clinical and genetic analysis of X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by a novelIntractable & rare diseases research · 2025Article
- Article
- Case Report of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus with a Novel Mutation in theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Paradoxical Anti-diuretic Effects of Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics in Diabetes Insipidus: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Prognostic Implications of Diabetes Insipidus in Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Insights from the U.S. National Readmissions Database 2016-2021.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prognostic impact of hypernatremia for septic shock patients in the intensive care unit.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Article
- Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders in Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Implications and Management Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an endocrine condition involving the posterior pituitary peptide hormone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH exerts its effects on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the nephron by upregulating aquaporin-2 channels (AQP2) on the cellular apical membrane surface. DI is marked by expelling excessive quantities of highly dilute urine, extreme thirst, and craving for cold water. The two main classifications of DI are central diabetes insipidus (CDI), characterized by a deficiency of the posterior pituitary gland to release ADH, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), characterized by the terminal distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct resistance to ADH. The two less common classifications include dipsogenic DI, characterized by excessive thirst due to a low osmotic threshold, and gestational DI, characterized by increased concentration of placental vasopressinase during pregnancy. Treatment of DI is dependent on the disease classification, but severe complications may arise if not tended to appropriately. The most important step in symptom management is maintaining fluid intake ahead of fluid loss with emphasis placed on preserving the quality of life. The most common treatment of CDI and gestational DI is the administration of synthetic ADH, desmopressin (DDAVP). Nephrogenic treatment, although more challenging, requires discontinuation of medications as well as maintaining a renal-friendly diet to prevent hypernatremia. Treatment of dipsogenic DI is mainly focused on behavioral therapy aimed at regulating water intake and/or administration of antipsychotic pharmaceutical therapy. Central and nephrogenic subtypes of DI share a paradoxical treatment in thiazide diuretics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.