ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Disentangling perceptual awareness from nonconscious processing in rhesus monkeys (
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protocol for testing global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness in non-human primates and mice.PloS one · 2026Article
- Conscious birds.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Sex dependency of subconscious visual perception.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Sleuthing subjectivity: a review of covert measures of consciousness.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Neuroscience of animal consciousness: still agnostic after all.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Short-term auditory priming in freely-moving mice.iScience · 2023Article
- Next frontiers in consciousness research.Neuron · 2023Article
- No Evidence for Biased Attention Towards Emotional Scenes in Bornean Orangutans (Affective science · 2022Article
- Rhesus monkeys manipulate mental images.Cognition · 2022Article
- Why the Epistemic Objection Against Using Sentience as Criterion of Moral Status is Flawed.Science and engineering ethics · 2022Article
- Animal sentience.Philosophy compass · 2022Article
- Familiarity mediates apes' attentional biases toward human faces.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- What Is It Like to Be a Bass? Red Herrings, Fish Pain and the Study of Animal Sentience.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Awareness and consciousness in humans and animals - neural and behavioral correlates in an evolutionary perspective.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Article
- Separating conscious and unconscious perception in animals.Learning & behavior · 2021Article
- A Traditional Scientific Perspective on the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Multiple Routes to Animal Consciousness: Constrained Multiple Realizability Rather Than Modest Identity Theory.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Current Understanding of the "Insight" Phenomenon Across Disciplines.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Scholars have long debated whether animals, which display impressive intelligent behaviors, are consciously aware or not. Yet, because many complex human behaviors and high-level functions can be performed without conscious awareness, it was long considered impossible to untangle whether animals are aware or just conditionally or nonconsciously behaving. Here, we developed an empirical approach to address this question. We harnessed a well-established cross-over double dissociation between nonconscious and conscious processing, in which people perform in completely opposite ways when they are aware of stimuli versus when they are not. To date, no one has explored if similar performance dissociations exist in a nonhuman species. In a series of seven experiments, we first established these signatures in humans using both known and newly developed nonverbal double-dissociation tasks and then identified similar signatures in rhesus monkeys (
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Registered trials
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