ArticleBMC cancer2021
Identification and development of an independent immune-related genes prognostic model for breast cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of prediction models for risk of breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Development and External Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model Using Routine Blood Biomarkers for Differentiating Malignant Breast Nodules.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Exploring immune activation patterns in HER2-low and HER2-ultralow breast cancer subtypes.The oncologist · 2025Article
- A reliable prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma using neutrophil extracellular traps and immune related genes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrating mitochondrial and lysosomal gene analysis for breast cancer prognosis using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic overlap between breast cancer and sarcopenia: exploring the prognostic implications of SLC38A1 gene expression.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Breast cancer metastasis progression is associated with elevated activity of kynurenine monooxygenase and kynureninase.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- PIK3CA mutation-driven immune signature as a prognostic marker for evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment and therapeutic response in breast cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Immune-Based Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Practice.Cancers · 2022Review
- Identification of a tumor immune-inflammation signature predicting prognosis and immune status in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is one of the main malignant tumors that threaten the lives of women, which has received more and more clinical attention worldwide. There are increasing evidences showing that the immune micro-environment of breast cancer (BC) seriously affects the clinical outcome. This study aims to explore the role of tumor immune genes in the prognosis of BC patients and construct an immune-related genes prognostic index.
methodsThe list of 2498 immune genes was obtained from ImmPort database. In addition, gene expression data and clinical characteristics data of BC patients were also obtained from the TCGA database. The prognostic correlation of the differential genes was analyzed through Survival package. Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic effect of immune genes. According to the regression coefficients of prognostic immune genes in regression analysis, an immune risk scores model was established. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to probe the biological correlation of immune gene scores. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
resultsIn total, 556 immune genes were differentially expressed between normal tissues and BC tissues (p < 0. 05). According to the univariate cox regression analysis, a total of 66 immune genes were statistically significant for survival risk, of which 30 were associated with overall survival (P < 0.05). Finally, a 15 immune genes risk scores model was established. All patients were divided into high- and low-groups. KM survival analysis revealed that high immune risk scores represented worse survival (p < 0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune genes risk scores model had a good reliability in predicting prognosis (5-year OS, AUC = 0.752). The established risk model showed splendid AUC value in the validation dataset (3-year over survival (OS) AUC = 0.685, 5-year OS AUC = 0.717, P = 0.00048). Moreover, the immune risk signature was proved to be an independent prognostic factor for BC patients. Finally, it was found that 15 immune genes and risk scores had significant clinical correlations, and were involved in a variety of carcinogenic pathways.
conclusionIn conclusion, our study provides a new perspective for the expression of immune genes in BC. The constructed model has potential value for the prognostic prediction of BC patients and may provide some references for the clinical precision immunotherapy of patients.
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