Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33784210›Full record

ArticleWomen's health (London, England)

Factors associated with cervical cancer screening behaviour of women attending gynaecological clinics in Kazakhstan: A cross-sectional study.

Torgyn Issa, Aisha Babi, Azliyati Azizan, Raushan Alibekova, Saleem A Khan, Alpamys Issanov, Chee Kai Chan, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Women's health (London, England). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Vaccination Effectiveness against Human Papillomavirus in Kazakhstan.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024
    Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Torgyn IssaDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Aisha BabiDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Azliyati AzizanDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Raushan AlibekovaDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Saleem A KhanSchool of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Alpamys IssanovDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Chee Kai ChanDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Gulzhanat AimagambetovaDepartment of Biomedical sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.ORCID 0000-0002-2868-4497

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAlthough cervical cancer could be prevented through medical screening, it remains one of the top causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality all over the world. A number of factors may contribute to cervical cancer screening behaviour of women. The aim of this study was to investigate factors related to cervical cancer screening behaviour of women in Kazakhstan.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional survey-based study with a total of 1189 participants. Women attending gynaecological clinics aged between 18 and 70 years were administered paper-based questionnaires about their awareness of cervical cancer, the associated risk factors, and cervical cancer screening. Student t test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test and chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, where appropriate, were used to determine associations with categorical independent variables.

resultsThe mean age of participants was 36.5 ± 10.1 years. Less than half (45.7%) of the participants had been screened for cervical cancer. The key factors related to the cervical cancer screening behaviour of women in this study included age, having a larger number of children, regular menstrual function, awareness of Pap smear test, and free screening programme for cervical cancer, and the causal association of human papillomavirus with cervical cancer.

conclusionThis study revealed several significant factors predicting screening behaviour in Kazakhstani women. To improve the rate of screening, there is a need to increase public knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer and opportunities for the free screening programme in the female population of Kazakhstan.

Indexed as

Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdolescentAdultAgedChildCross-Sectional StudiesEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansKazakhstanMass ScreeningMiddle AgedPapanicolaou TestSurveys and QuestionnairesVaginal Smearscervical cancerhuman papillomavirusKazakhstanscreeningscreening behaviour

Identifiers

PMID33784210
PMCPMC8013635

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.