Trial reportBMJ paediatrics open2021
Oral health among HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study.
Trial report in BMJ paediatrics open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between antiretroviral therapy and dental caries in children and adolescents with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of oral intervention on the oral and overall health of children living with HIV in Cambodia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2023Trial
- Impact of perinatal HIV exposure and infection on salivary properties among Nigerian children.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Oral Diseases and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Kenyan Children and Adolescents with HIV.JDR clinical and translational research · 2023Article
- Age-specific associations with dental caries in HIV-infected, exposed but uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected children in Nigeria.BMC oral health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: HIV-positive children are at high risk for oral mucosal disorders. Additionally, their low immune status is associated with dental caries. However, little is known about how their dental caries and related risk factors, such as salivary flow, salivary pH level and oral health-related quality of life, differ from those of HIV-negative children. The study aimed to assess (1) dental caries and related risk factors in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative children and (2) the association between these factors and HIV seropositive status in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted as a baseline survey of a randomised controlled trial. The study setting was the National Pediatric Hospital's catchment area. The study population comprised 328 HIV-positive and 154 HIV-negative children aged 3-15 years and their caregivers. We collected clinical oral health data, questionnaire data to assess oral health-related quality of life and growth data. Results: The mean number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and deciduous teeth (dmft) among HIV-positive children was 4.0 (SD 3.6) and 7.0 (SD 4.9), respectively. Among HIV-negative children, the respective values were 3.3 (SD 3.7) and 7.1 (SD 4.6). Living with HIV was positively associated with DMFT (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.01) and salivary flow (β=0.72, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00) and negatively associated with salivary pH (β=-0.13, 95% CI -0.24 to -0.02). However, HIV-positive status was not significantly associated with dmft or oral health-related quality of life. Conclusions: HIV-positive children had poorer oral health status regarding DMFT and salivary pH level. Specific strategies and further efforts are required to align their oral health status with that of HIV-negative children.
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