Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33782519›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Applying a hierarchical clustering on principal components approach to identify different patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic across Italian regions.

Andrea Maugeri, Martina Barchitta, Guido Basile, Antonella Agodi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Understanding epidemic spread patterns: a visual analysis approach.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2024
    Article
  8. Limitations of Clustering with PCA and Correlated Noise.Journal of statistical computation and simulation · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. How COVID-19 Pandemic Has Influenced Public Interest in Foods: A Google Trends Analysis of Italian Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Andrea MaugeriDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Martina BarchittaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Guido BasileDepartment of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Antonella AgodiDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy. agodia@unict.it.

Funding

Assessorato della Salute, Regione Siciliana - Progetti Obiettivo di Piano Sanitario Nazionale PSN 2014 - 4.9.2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Italy has experienced the epidemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, which spread at different times and with different intensities throughout its territory. We aimed to identify clusters with similar epidemic patterns across Italian regions. To do that, we defined a set of regional indicators reflecting different domains and employed a hierarchical clustering on principal component approach to obtain an optimal cluster solution. As of 24 April 2020, Lombardy was the worst hit Italian region and entirely separated from all the others. Sensitivity analysis-by excluding data from Lombardy-partitioned the remaining regions into four clusters. Although cluster 1 (i.e. Veneto) and 2 (i.e. Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna) included the most hit regions beyond Lombardy, this partition reflected differences in the efficacy of restrictions and testing strategies. Cluster 3 was heterogeneous and comprised regions where the epidemic started later and/or where it spread with the lowest intensity. Regions within cluster 4 were those where the epidemic started slightly after Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Piedmont, favoring timely adoption of control measures. Our findings provide policymakers with a snapshot of the epidemic in Italy, which might help guiding the adoption of countermeasures in accordance with the situation at regional level.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsCluster AnalysisCOVID-19GeographyHumansItalyPandemicsPrincipal Component AnalysisSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33782519
PMCPMC8007710

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.