ArticleCell death discovery2021
Vagus nerve stimulation enhances the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway to reduce lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome via STAT3.
Article in Cell death discovery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of perioperative autonomic nervous system imbalance on surgical outcomes: a systematic review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring Electrical Neuromodulation as an Alternative Therapeutic Approach in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Cholinergic Signaling Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Interleukin-8 Response in Colonic Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Article
- Vagal Afferent Stimulation Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Inflammation in Association with Reduced Spleen Weight and Increased CellTrace-Positive Signals in the Lung.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Vagus nerve stimulation and pulmonary outcomes: a scoping review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- A brain-lung circuit drives LPS-induced lung injury via sympathetic neutrophil axis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Neuromodulation strategies in postburn care for pain rehabilitation and scar remodelling.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- The Crosstalk Mechanisms Between Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis and Their Applications in Diseases: From Molecular Networks to Clinical Strategies.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A Review of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Disease: Comprehensive Theory and Evidence for Mechanisms of Action.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- The Gut-Brain-Cardiac Axis: How Microbiota Influence Cognitive and Cardiovascular Health.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation promotes recovery from otitis media by activating the α7nAChR-mediated anti-inflammatory pathway.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Regulation for Acute Kidney Injury Therapy: Insights Along the Path From Bench to Bedside.Seminars in nephrology · 2026Review
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury via Pulmonary proBDNF Suppression.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Rewiring the Lung-CNS Axis After Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Brain‑heart axis: Neurostimulation techniques in ischemic heart disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Esketamine mitigates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury by suppressing caspase-11-driven pyroptosis.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Regulates the Th17/Treg Balance and Alleviates Lung Injury in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Upregulating α7nAChR.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Review
- Stimulation of TRPV1+ peripheral somatosensory nerves suppress inflammation via the somato-autonomic reflex.iScience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP) is important for antagonizing inflammation and treating several diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and is related to vagus nerve integrity. However, its underlying pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear. We hypothesized that CAIP regulates lung injury repair after ARDS through the STAT3 signaling pathway, which is an important downstream effector of α7nAchR. We enhanced CAIP activity by subjecting rats to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and administered the α-7 acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR) agonist and antagonist to determine whether VNS can reduce lung injury by regulating the pulmonary inflammatory response through CAIP. After being subjected to VNS, the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β was decreased, while the level of IL-10 was increased in the rat model of ARDS. Moreover, VNS treatment reduced lung mRNA levels of M1 macrophage markers, while increased those of M2 macrophage markers. The expression of Caspase-1 decreased, while that of STAT3 increased in lung tissue after VNS treatment. The aforementioned effects of VNS were reversed by cutting the cervical vagus efferent branch and blocking α7nAchR. These findings suggest that VNS inhibits the ARDS inflammatory response by promoting CAIP activity. Next, we used lentivirus knockdown of STAT3 expression to explore the mechanism of VNS through CAIP on lung inflammation in ARDS model rats. VNS activates α7nAchR, increases STAT3 expression, reduces Caspase-1 expression, suppresses inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory pyroptosis and M1 to M2 macrophage transformation, which may constitute the main mechanism of VNS action in ARDS.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.