Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33781471›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2021

Changes in Young Adults' Alcohol and Marijuana Use, Norms, and Motives From Before to During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Scott Graupensperger, Charles B Fleming, Anna E Jaffe, Isaac C Rhew, Megan E Patrick, Christine M Lee

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
16.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Changes in alcohol use during COVID-19 and associations with contextual and individual difference variables: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2022
    Pooled it
  5. Does self-affirmation augment the effects of a mandated personalized feedback intervention? A randomized controlled trial with heavy drinking college students.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2024
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  16. Social Influence and Problematic Drinking: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025
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  20. "My Health Is More Important than Drinking": A Qualitative Analysis of Alcohol Use During COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article

26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Scott GraupenspergerDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Charles B FlemingDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Anna E JaffeDepartment of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Isaac C RhewDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Megan E PatrickInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Christine M LeeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Electronic address: leecm@uw.edu.
University of Washington · USUniversity of Michigan · USUniversity of Nebraska–Lincoln · US

Funding

Psychology Training in Alcohol Research (PTAR)T32AA007455 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MARY E. LARIMER · 1985 to 2026
$11.4M
Developmental Models of High-Risk Alcohol Use & Social Roles in Young AdulthoodR01AA022087 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI LEE, CHRISTINE M. · 2014 to 2018
$2.8M
Pretreatment Change in Drinking: Relationship to Treatment OutcomeR01AA022080 · NIAAA · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI STASIEWICZ, PAUL R · 2014 to 2018
$2.7M
Predictors and consequences of young adult marijuana use and concurrent and simultaneous alcohol use: Month to month variation across 24 consecutive monthsR01AA027496 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI LEE, CHRISTINE M. · 2019 to 2021
$981k
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA022080NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA022087NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA027496NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA007455
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAlongside the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with several secondary health effects. There is concern for increased substance use motivated by coping with stress, anxiety, depression, and boredom-all of which may be elevated during the pandemic. The current study examined intraindividual changes (from pre-COVID to during COVID) in young adults' alcohol and marijuana use, perceptions of peers' use (i.e., norms), and motives for use.

methodsA community sample of young adults (N = 572; M

resultsYoung adults, on average, increased alcohol use frequency but decreased the amount consumed per drinking occasion. No changes in marijuana use were identified. Young adults (on average) perceived that peers had increased the frequency and total amount of alcohol use and perceived that peers were engaging in heavier marijuana use than prior to COVID-19. For alcohol use motives, there was a significant increase in depression coping motives and significant decreases in social, enhancement, and conformity motives. Boredom motives for marijuana use significantly increased, while celebration motives decreased.

conclusionsUsing a prospective design with a sample initially recruited in Washington State, these data indicate that (a) young adults' patterns of alcohol use may have changed, (b) young adults tend to think that peers are engaging in heavier alcohol/marijuana use than before the pandemic, and (c) motives for using alcohol/marijuana may have changed during the pandemic.

Indexed as

Marijuana UseMotivationSocial NormsAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultAlcohol DrinkingCOVID-19FemaleHumansMalePandemicsProspective StudiesWashingtonYoung AdultCannabisDrinkingSARS-CoV-2Social distancingSocial normsSubstance use

Identifiers

PMID33781471
PMCPMC8345007
OpenAlexW3141449612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.