Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33781382›Full record

ArticleeLife2021

All-trans retinoic acid induces synaptic plasticity in human cortical neurons.

Maximilian Lenz, Pia Kruse, Amelie Eichler, Jakob Straehle, Jürgen Beck, Thomas Deller, Andreas Vlachos

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Retinoic acid in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. The Freiburg framework for multimodalFrontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Astrocytic RARγ mediates hippocampal astrocytosis and neurogenesis deficits in chronic retinoic acid-induced depression.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The plasticity of pyramidal neurons in the behaving brain.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Maximilian LenzDepartment of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3147-4949
Pia KruseDepartment of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1742-1608
Amelie EichlerDepartment of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7990-654X
Jakob StraehleDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3063-8972
Jürgen BeckDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7687-6098
Thomas DellerInstitute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3931-2947
Andreas VlachosDepartment of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2646-3770
University of Freiburg · DEGoethe University Frankfurt · DE

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft CRC 1080Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft CRC 974Faculty of Medicine Berta-Ottenstein-ProgramFaculty of Medicine EQUIP-Medical Scientist
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A defining feature of the brain is the ability of its synaptic contacts to adapt structurally and functionally in an experience-dependent manner. In the human cortex, however, direct experimental evidence for coordinated structural and functional synaptic adaptation is currently lacking. Here, we probed synaptic plasticity in human cortical slices using the vitamin A derivative all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a putative treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Our experiments demonstrated that the excitatory synapses of superficial (layer 2/3) pyramidal neurons underwent coordinated structural and functional changes in the presence of atRA. These synaptic adaptations were accompanied by ultrastructural remodeling of the calcium-storing spine apparatus organelle and required mRNA translation. It was not observed in synaptopodin-deficient mice, which lack spine apparatus organelles. We conclude that atRA is a potent mediator of synaptic plasticity in the adult human cortex.

Indexed as

Neuronal PlasticityAnimalsFemaleHumansMaleMiceMicrofilament ProteinsNeocortexPrefrontal CortexPyramidal CellsTretinoinMicrofilament ProteinsSynpo protein, mouseTretinoinhumanhuman cortexmouseneuroscienceretinoic acidsynaptic plasticitysynaptopodinvitamine A

Identifiers

PMID33781382
PMCPMC8009674
OpenAlexW3140917399

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.