ArticleBMC geriatrics2021
The psychometric evaluation of the sense of belonging instrument (SOBI) with Iranian older adults.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Older adults' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative systematic literature review.BMC geriatrics · 2023Pooled it
- An Effectiveness Trial of an Exercise Physiologist Service to Improve Quality of Life in Adults with Severe Mental Illness: Protocol for the MOVEMENT Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Belongingness in medical students: did it change during lockdown?Medical education online · 2024Article
- The Need to Belong: a Deep Dive into the Origins, Implications, and Future of a Foundational Construct.Educational psychology review · 2022Article
- Belongingness challenged: Exploring the impact on older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2022Article
- Belongingness in Medical Student Placements: Validation and Pilot Study of the Use of the Exeter Belongingness Assessment Tool in Belgian and English Medical Students.Journal of medical education and curricular developmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA sense of belonging is a significant predictor of mental health and well-being in later life. A sense of belonging in childhood and adolescence contributes to a number of adult behavioural and psychological outcomes. A high sense of belonging has been associated with better health, longevity, psychological well-being, and disease recovery.
methodsIn this study, the Persian version of the Sense of Belonging Instrument (SOBI) for older adults in Iran was evaluated psychometrically to develop an accurate measure for belonging. Participants in the study were 302 older adults, 60 years old and above, living independently in Iran and chosen through convenience sampling.
resultsAn exploratory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor structure, which included 16 items, accounted for 54.12% of the total variance, and was characterized by strong factor loadings, with values ranging from .50 to .87. Thereafter, a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor latent structure of the SOBI, providing adequate data-model fit statistics. All latent structures were characterized by adequate-to-strong latent construct (H) internal reliability (α) coefficients.
conclusionsThe Persian version of the SOBI is a useful tool in understanding older adult patients' sense of belonging when living independently within the community. The implications for practice and research are discussed.
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