Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33781000›Full record

ArticleEarly intervention in psychiatry2022

The First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders - Upscaled study: Clinical outcomes.

Amelia Austin, Michaela Flynn, James Shearer, Mike Long, Karina Allen, Victoria A Mountford, Danielle Glennon, Nina Grant, Amy Brown, Mary Franklin-Smith and 8 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Family Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa With Emerging Adults: A Retrospective Case Series in Routine Clinical Care.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
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  11. Evaluating the Impact of Eating Disorder Early Intervention on Young People's Work, Education and Social Functioning.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Generating Priorities in Eating Disorder Research: Recommendations from Canadian Young Adults and Caregivers.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Amelia AustinEating Disorders Section, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4979-4847
Michaela FlynnEating Disorders Section, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
James ShearerDepartment of Health Services and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK.
Mike LongKent Surrey Sussex Academic Health Science Network, Crawley, UK.
Karina AllenEating Disorders Section, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2896-6459
Victoria A MountfordEating Disorders Section, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Danielle GlennonSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Nina GrantSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Amy BrownSussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK.
Mary Franklin-SmithLeeds and York Partnership NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Monique SchelhaseLeeds and York Partnership NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
William Rhys JonesLeeds and York Partnership NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Gabrielle BradyCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Nicole NunesCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Frances ConnanCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Kate MahonyNorth East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Lucy SerpellNorth East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Ulrike SchmidtEating Disorders Section, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
King's College London · GBCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust · GBLeeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust · GBNorth East London NHS Foundation Trust · GBSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust · GBSussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust · GBWessex Academic Health Science Network (United Kingdom) · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFirst Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders (FREED) is a service model and care pathway for emerging adults aged 16 to 25-years with a recent onset eating disorder (ED) of <3 years. A previous single-site study suggests that FREED significantly improves clinical outcomes compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU). The present study (FREED-Up) assessed the scalability of FREED. A multi-centre quasi-experimental pre-post design was used, comparing patient outcomes before and after implementation of FREED in participating services.

methodsFREED patients (n = 278) were consecutive, prospectively ascertained referrals to four specialist ED services in England, assessed at four time points over 12 months on ED symptoms, mood, service utilization and cost. FREED patients were compared to a TAU cohort (n = 224) of similar patients, identified retrospectively from electronic patient records in participating services. All were emerging adults aged 16-25 experiencing a first episode ED of <3 years duration.

resultsOverall, FREED patients made significant and rapid clinical improvements over time. 53.2% of FREED patients with anorexia nervosa reached a healthy weight at the 12-month timepoint, compared to only 17.9% of TAU patients (X DISCUSSION: FREED is robust and scalable and is associated with substantial improvements in clinical outcomes, reduction in inpatient or day-patient admissions, and cost-savings.

Indexed as

Anorexia NervosaFeeding and Eating DisordersAdolescentAdultEarly Intervention, EducationalHumansPatient AdmissionRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultanorexia nervosabulimia nervosaearly interventioneating disorderemerging adulthood

Identifiers

PMID33781000
PMCPMC9291113
OpenAlexW3147139433

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.