Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33780961›Full record

ReviewInternational archives of allergy and immunology2021

Sensitization against Fungi in Patients with Airway Allergies over 20 Years in Germany.

Susann Forkel, Caroline Beutner, Silke S Schröder, Oliver Bader, Sidhi Gupta, Thomas Fuchs, Michael P Schön, Johannes Geier, Timo Buhl

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International archives of allergy and immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Birch rust allergy as a novel autumnal trigger of seasonal airway symptoms.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026
    Article
  4. Validity of anJournal of asthma and allergy · 2026
    Article
  5. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Review
  6. High sensitization toThe World Allergy Organization journal · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Racial differences in odds of asthma exacerbations among Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized adults with asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Susann ForkelDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Caroline BeutnerDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Silke S SchröderDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Oliver BaderDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Sidhi GuptaDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Thomas FuchsDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Michael P SchönDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Johannes GeierLower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Timo BuhlDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFungal spores are ubiquitous allergens. Severe forms of asthma are particularly highly associated with fungal sensitization. National and international asthma guidelines recommend the implementation of allergen immunotherapy if indicated. Thus, detection and treatment of relevant allergies are key components of primary care of these patients.

objectivesThe aims of the study were (i) to investigate trends in the prevalence of sensitization to twelve fungi in central Germany over the last 20 years and (ii) to dissect specific sensitization patterns among the 3 most important fungi: Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium.

methodsThis single-center study evaluated skin prick test (SPT) results of 3,358 patients with suspected airway allergies over a period of 20 years (1998-2017).

resultsWhile 19.2% of all study patients had positive test results to at least 1 of the 3 fungi (Alternaria, Aspergillus, or Cladosporium) in the first study decade, this rate increased to 22.5% in the second decade. Slight increases in sensitization rates to almost all fungi were observed over the 20-year period. In the last decade, polysensitization to Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium increased significantly. Sensitization to fungi is age-dependent and peaks in the age-group of 21-40 years during the second decade.

conclusionFungi are relevant allergens for perennial and seasonal allergy symptoms. We currently recommend including Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Cladosporium in the standard series of SPTs for airway allergies.

Indexed as

AllergensAntigens, FungalFungiGermanyHumansImmunizationMycosesPrevalencePublic Health SurveillanceRespiratory HypersensitivityRetrospective StudiesAllergensAntigens, FungalAlternariaAspergillusCladosporiumFungiMoldsPenicillium

Identifiers

PMID33780961
PMCPMC8220924

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.