ArticleClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
Relationship between GABA levels and task-dependent cortical excitability in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Article in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cortical excitability and therapeutic efficacy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Shortened Cortical Silent Period in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Anterior middle cingulate cortex gamma-aminobutyric acid level is elevated in children with both familial and prenatal alcohol exposure-associated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopmental considerations for transcranial magnetic stimulation trials in youth.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Paired Pulse Suppression and Prepulse Inhibition in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Reliability of short interval cortical inhibition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the menstrual cycle: A multi-centre assessment of menstrual cycle effects on GABA & GSH.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2025Article
- In children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, less task-related up-modulation of motor cortex during response inhibition.Annals of the Child Neurology Society · 2025Article
- Investigating Neurometabolite Changes in Response to Median Nerve Stimulation.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- The Influence of Anesthesia on Neuromonitoring During Scoliosis Surgery: A Systematic Review.NeuroSci · 2024Review
- Subtle motor signs in children with ADHD and their white matter correlates.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Novel pharmacological targets for GABAergic dysfunction in ADHD.Neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Motor Function and Physiology in Youth With Neurofibromatosis Type 1.Pediatric neurology · 2023Article
- From urges to tics in children with Tourette syndrome: associations with supplementary motor area GABA and right motor cortex physiology.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Can biomarkers be used to diagnose attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the neonatal brain.Neuroradiology · 2022Review
- Associations between Task-Related Modulation of Motor-Evoked Potentials and EEG Event-Related Desynchronization in Children with ADHD.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2021Article
- Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on GABA and Glx in Children: A pilot study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Differences in neurometabolites and transcranial magnetic stimulation motor maps in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCompared to typically developing (TD) peers, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifest reduced short interval cortical inhibition (SICI) in the dominant motor cortex measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This multimodal study investigates the inhibitory neurophysiology and neurochemistry by evaluating the relationship between SICI and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA+) levels, measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).
methodsAcross two sites, 37 children with ADHD and 45 TD children, ages 8-12 years, participated. Single and paired pulse TMS to left motor cortex quantified SICI during REST and at times of action selection (GO) and inhibition (STOP) during a modified Slater-Hammel stop signal reaction task. MRS quantified GABA+ levels in the left sensorimotor cortex. Relationships between SICI and GABA+, as well as stopping efficiency and clinical symptoms, were analyzed with correlations and repeated-measure, mixed-models.
resultsIn both groups, higher GABA+ levels correlated with less SICI. In TD children only, higher GABA+ levels correlated with larger TMS motor evoked potentials (MEPs) at REST. In GO and STOP trials, higher GABA+ was associated with smaller MEP amplitudes, for both groups. Overall, GABA+ levels did not differ between groups or correlate with ADHD clinical symptoms.
conclusionsIn children with higher motor cortex GABA+, motor cortex is less responsive to inhibitory TMS (SICI). Comparing the relationships between MRS-GABA+ levels and responses to TMS at REST vs. GO/STOP trials suggests differences in inhibitory neurophysiology and neurotransmitters in children with ADHD. These differences are more prominent at rest than during response inhibition task engagement. SIGNIFICANCE: Evaluating relationships between GABA+ and SICI may provide a biomarker useful for understanding behavioral diagnoses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.