ArticlePLoS computational biology2021
Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior.
Article in PLoS computational biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metacognition and metacognitive monitoring in aging.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Review
- Confidence Is Detection-Like in High-Dimensional Spaces.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2026Article
- Neural basis of concurrent deliberation toward a choice and confidence judgment.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Using artificial neural networks to reveal the human confidence computation.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- How disconfirmatory evidence shapes confidence in decision-making.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- Computational and Neuronal Basis of Visual Confidence.Annual review of vision science · 2025Review
- A population representation of the confidence in a decision in the parietal cortex.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Neural basis of concurrent deliberation toward a choice and confidence judgment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A Population Representation of the Confidence in a Decision in the Parietal Cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Tip-of-the-Tongue and Feeling-of-Knowing Experiences Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity of Confidence Evaluation of Semantic Memory.Journal of cognition · 2025Article
- A novel behavioral paradigm reveals the nature of confidence computation in multi-alternative perceptual decision making.Research square · 2024Article
- Human-like dissociations between confidence and accuracy in convolutional neural networks.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Double Dissociation of Spontaneous Alpha-Band Activity and Pupil-Linked Arousal on Additive and Multiplicative Perceptual Gain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- How do humans give confidence? A comprehensive comparison of process models of perceptual metacognition.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2024Article
- Abstract perceptual choice signals during action-linked decisions in the human brain.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Metacognitive awareness in the sound-induced flash illusion.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Natural statistics support a rational account of confidence biases.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Toward 'Computational-Rationality' Approaches to Arbitrating Models of Cognition: A Case Study Using Perceptual Metacognition.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2023Article
- Recent Advances at the Interface of Neuroscience and Artificial Neural Networks.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Review
- Sources of confidence in value-based choice.Nature communications · 2021Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Current dominant views hold that perceptual confidence reflects the probability that a decision is correct. Although these views have enjoyed some empirical support, recent behavioral results indicate that confidence and the probability of being correct can be dissociated. An alternative hypothesis suggests that confidence instead reflects the magnitude of evidence in favor of a decision while being relatively insensitive to the evidence opposing the decision. We considered how this alternative hypothesis might be biologically instantiated by developing a simple neural network model incorporating a known property of sensory neurons: tuned inhibition. The key idea of the model is that the level of inhibition that each accumulator unit receives from units with the opposite tuning preference, i.e. its inhibition 'tuning', dictates its contribution to perceptual decisions versus confidence judgments, such that units with higher tuned inhibition (computing relative evidence for different perceptual interpretations) determine perceptual discrimination decisions, and units with lower tuned inhibition (computing absolute evidence) determine confidence. We demonstrate that this biologically plausible model can account for several counterintuitive findings reported in the literature where confidence and decision accuracy dissociate. By comparing model fits, we further demonstrate that a full complement of behavioral data across several previously published experimental results-including accuracy, reaction time, mean confidence, and metacognitive sensitivity-is best accounted for when confidence is computed from units without, rather than units with, tuned inhibition. Finally, we discuss predictions of our results and model for future neurobiological studies. These findings suggest that the brain has developed and implements this alternative, heuristic theory of perceptual confidence computation by relying on the diversity of neural resources available.
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