ReviewAnesthesia and analgesia2021
Cerebral Hypoxia: Its Role in Age-Related Chronic and Acute Cognitive Dysfunction.
Review in Anesthesia and analgesia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Potential Markers of Neurocognitive Disorders After Cardiac Surgery: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of preconditioning with one-lung ventilation on perioperative oxygenation and oxidative stress in thoracoscopic surgery: a prospective single-center randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Effects of Remimazolam on Perioperative Inflammatory Response and Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Two-lung ventilation with artificial pneumothorax on cerebral desaturation and early postoperative cognitive outcome: a randomized controlled trial.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Trial
- Effect of raw electroencephalogram-guided anesthesia administration on postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing abdominal major surgery: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- The Effect of Low-Dose Esketamine on Postoperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Trial
- Feasibility and candidate risk factors for postoperative delirium in older ward patients: a prospective pilot study.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- Long-Term Cognitive and Functional Outcomes of Anesthesia and Surgery in Patients with Dementia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Erythrocytes as Active Regulators of Blood Flow: A Brief Overview.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Effects of General Anesthesia Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Early Postoperative Cognition and 30-Day Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients in a Chinese Plateau Region.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Risk of Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The relation between postoperative cognitive disorders and brain damage biomarkers after major urologic surgery: a prospective cohort study.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Hypoxia reverses the early anti-inflammatory microglial response to the β-amyloid peptide: mitochondrial involvement and beneficial roles of melatonin and naringenin.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Bidirectional relationship between anemia and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a longitudinal study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk factors for decreased libido in men at high-altitudes: a cross-sectional study.Sexual medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical practice of one-lung ventilation in mainland China: a nationwide questionnaire survey.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Older Patients' Postoperative Neurocognitive Recovery: A Narrative Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Review
- Hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio in the relationship between occupational aluminum exposure and cognitive function impairment: a mediation analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has been reported with widely varying frequency but appears to be strongly associated with aging. Outside of the surgical arena, chronic and acute cerebral hypoxia may exist as a result of respiratory, cardiovascular, or anemic conditions. Hypoxia has been extensively implicated in cognitive impairment. Furthermore, disease states associated with hypoxia both accompany and progress with aging. Perioperative cerebral hypoxia is likely underdiagnosed, and its contribution to POCD is underappreciated. Herein, we discuss the various disease processes and forms in which hypoxia may contribute to POCD. Furthermore, we outline hypoxia-related mechanisms, such as hypoxia-inducible factor activation, cerebral ischemia, cerebrovascular reserve, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation, which may contribute to cognitive impairment and how these mechanisms interact with aging. Finally, we discuss opportunities to prevent and manage POCD related to hypoxia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.