Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33779819›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of urology2021

Trends in urinary stone composition in 23,182 stone analyses from 2011 to 2019: a high-volume center study in China.

Shike Zhang, Yapeng Huang, Weizhou Wu, Zhican He, LiLi Ou, Hans-Göran Tiselius, Guohua Zeng, Wenqi Wu

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. The effects of elevated phosphate on the kidney - damaging the gatekeeper.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The role of inflammation and ROS in CaOx kidney stones.European journal of medical research · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Theranostic roles of machine learning in clinical management of kidney stone disease.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Shike Zhang *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Yapeng Huang *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Weizhou Wu *Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Zhican HeDepartment of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
LiLi OuDepartment of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Hans-Göran TiseliusDivision of Urology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Guohua ZengDepartment of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China. gzgyzgh@vip.sina.com.
Wenqi WuDepartment of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road #1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China. wwqwml@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3093
First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University · CNKarolinska Institutet · SE

Funding

Key Project of Basic Research and Applied Basic Research of Department of Education of Guangdong Province 2018KZDXM056National Natural Science Foundation of China 82070719Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 2020A151501198Science and Technology Program of GuangZhou 202002030042
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the distribution and dynamic trends in constituents of urinary stones in China. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe composition of 23,182 stones were analyzed and then recorded between January 2011 and December 2019. The characteristics in terms of stone patient's gender, age and calendar year were analyzed.

resultsMost stones (22,172, 95.64%) had several crystal components, among which 40.25% (8925/22,172) were mixtures with infection components. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) and uric acid (UA) stones were more commonly encountered in men, but calcium phosphate (CaP), magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) and carbonate apatite (CA) stones were more prevalent in women (p < 0.05). In males, the proportion of CaOx stones increased up to the age of 40, but subsequently decreased (p < 0.001). Interestingly, females showed an inverse trend regarding CaOx stones (p < 0.001). The proportion of UA stones increased with age (p < 0.001), and CA stones most frequently were recorded at age 20-49. Over the past 9 years, UA, CA, and MAP stones increased over time, whereas there was a tendency for CaOx stones to decrease (p < 0.05).

conclusionsThe scarcity of pure stones and a certain proportion of mixtures with infection stone components (e.g., mixtures of CaOx and CA) suggest that treatment directed against a single stone component is insufficient for effective recurrence prevention. Age and gender were significant determinants of stone composition, and according to the observed chronological trends, it seems that in the future, more UA, CA and MAP stones and fewer CaOx stones may be encountered in the studied population.

Indexed as

AdultChinaFemaleHospitals, High-VolumeHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsUrinary CalculiYoung AdultChinaDistributionStone compositionTrendUrolithiasis

Identifiers

PMID33779819
OpenAlexW3151521143

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.