ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2021
Exposure to metal mixtures in relation to blood pressure among children 5-7 years old: An observational study in Bangladesh.
Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal and early-life arsenic exposure and relative telomere length in children: Findings from the BiRCH cohort.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Review
- The Association of Arsenic Metabolism and Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the MesoAmerican Nephropathy Occupational Study (MANOS).Research square · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional association of arsenic exposure with thyroid function in Bangladeshi children aged 5 to 7 years.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis of the blood metallome and DNA methylation, gene expression, and protein levels of immune-associated genes in residents from mining region.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2026Article
- Association Between Mixed Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the 2003-2016 NHANES.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- Baseline associations between exposure to metals and systolic and diastolic blood pressure among women in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Exposure to metal mixtures and telomere length in Bangladeshi children.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Association Between Serum Essential Metal Elements and Blood Pressure in Children: A Cohort Study.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- Article
- Metal mixture exposures and serum lipid levels in childhood: the Rhea mother-child cohort in Greece.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Associations between blood essential metal mixture and serum uric acid: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Dietary Exposure to Toxic Elements and the Health of Young Children: Methodological Considerations and Data Needs.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- The effects of chemical mixtures on lipid profiles in the Korean adult population: threshold and molecular mechanisms for dyslipidemia involved.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Prenatal metal(loid) mixtures and birth weight for gestational age: A pooled analysis of three cohorts participating in the ECHO program.Environment international · 2022Article
- Mixtures modeling identifies heavy metals and pyrethroid insecticide metabolites associated with obesity.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Exposure to Metal Mixtures in Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Outcomes: A Scoping Review.Toxics · 2022Article
- Association between environmental chemicals co-exposure and peripheral blood immune-inflammatory indicators.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Invited Perspective: Metal Mixtures and Child Health: The Complex Interplay of Essential and Toxic Elements.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypertension in later life, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, has been linked to elevated blood pressure in early life. Exposure to metals may influence childhood blood pressure; however, previous research is limited and has mainly focused on evaluating the toxicity of single metal exposures. This study evaluates the associations between exposure to metal mixtures and blood pressure among Bangladeshi children age 5-7 years.
methodsWe investigated the associations of 17 toenail metal concentrations with blood pressure using linear regression models. Principal component analysis (PCA), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were conducted as secondary analyses.
resultsAssociations were observed for selenium with diastolic blood pressure (per doubling of exposure β = 2.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 4.75), molybdenum with systolic (β = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.61) and diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.66), tin with systolic blood pressure (β = -0.33, 95% CI = -0.60, -0.06), and mercury with systolic (β = -0.83, 95% CI = -1.49, -0.17) and diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.89, 95% CI = -1.53, -0.26). Chromium was associated with diastolic blood pressure among boys only (β = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.28, 1.92,
conclusionsFuture prospective studies are needed to investigate further the impact of early life exposure to metal mixtures on children's blood pressure trajectories and cardiovascular disease risk later in life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.