Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33778200›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2021

Programmable immune activating electrospun fibers for skin regeneration.

Lu Chen, Liucheng Zhang, Hongbo Zhang, Xiaoming Sun, Dan Liu, Jianming Zhang, Yuguang Zhang, Liying Cheng, Hélder A Santos, Wenguo Cui

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Advancements in Functional Polymeric Scaffolds for Scar-Free Skin Regeneration.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Electrospun Fibers EncapsulatingMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. An Off-the-Shelf Artificial Proregenerative Macrophage for Pressure Ulcer Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Lu ChenDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Liucheng ZhangDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Hongbo ZhangShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
Xiaoming SunDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Dan LiuNational Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
Jianming ZhangNational Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
Yuguang ZhangDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Liying ChengDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
Hélder A SantosDrug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
Wenguo CuiShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
Shanghai Jiao Tong University · CNÅbo Akademi University · FIUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune cells play a crucial regulatory role in inflammatory phase and proliferative phase during skin healing. How to programmatically activate sequential immune responses is the key for scarless skin regeneration. In this study, an "Inner-Outer" IL-10-loaded electrospun fiber with cascade release behavior was constructed. During the inflammatory phase, the electrospun fiber released a lower concentration of IL-10 within the wound, inhibiting excessive recruitment of inflammatory cells and polarizing macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotype "M2c" to suppress excessive inflammation response. During the proliferative phase, a higher concentration of IL-10 released by the fiber and the anti-fibrotic cytokines secreted by polarized "M2c" directly acted on dermal fibroblasts to simultaneously inhibit extracellular matrix overdeposition and promote fibroblast migration. The "Inner-Outer" IL-10-loaded electrospun fiber programmatically activated the sequential immune responses during wound healing and led to scarless skin regeneration, which is a promising immunomodulatory biomaterial with great potential for promoting complete tissue regeneration.

Indexed as

Drug releaseElectrospun fiberImmune responseMacrophagesSkin regeneration

Identifiers

PMID33778200
PMCPMC7966852
OpenAlexW3130321735

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.