Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33778133›Full record

ReviewRegenerative therapy2021

Immune evasion by cancer stem cells.

Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Goshi Shiota

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Regenerative therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. The Regulation and Function of Hippo/YAP Pathway in Cancer.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  11. NaFrontiers in chemistry · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. EMT and cancer stem cells: Drivers of therapy resistance and promising therapeutic targets.Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hiroyuki TsuchiyaDivision of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan.
Goshi ShiotaDivision of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor immunity represents a new avenue for cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have successfully improved outcomes in several tumor types. In addition, currently, immune cell-based therapy is also attracting significant attention. However, the clinical efficacy of these treatments requires further improvement. The mechanisms through which cancer cells escape the immune response must be identified and clarified. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in multiple aspects of malignant tumors. CSCs can initiate tumors in partially immunocompromised mice, whereas non-CSCs fail to form tumors, suggesting that tumor initiation is a definitive function of CSCs. However, the fact that non-CSCs also initiate tumors in more highly immunocompromised mice suggests that the immune evasion property may be a more fundamental feature of CSCs rather than a tumor-initiating property. In this review, we summarize studies that have elucidated how CSCs evade tumor immunity and create an immunosuppressive milieu with a focus on CSC-specific characteristics and functions. These profound mechanisms provide important clues for the development of novel tumor immunotherapies.

Indexed as

ADCC, antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicityALDH, alcohol dehydrogenaseAML, acute myeloid leukemiaARID3B, AT-rich interaction domain-containing protein 3BCancer stem cellsCCR7, C–C motif chemokine receptor 7CIK, cytokine-induced killer cellCMV, cytomegalovirusCSC, cancer stem cellCTLA-4, cytotoxic T-cell-associated antigen-4CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytesDC, dendritic cellDNMT, DNA methyltransferaseEMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transitionETO, fat mass and obesity associated proteinEV, extracellular vesicleHNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinomaImmune checkpointsImmune evasionKDM4, lysine-specific demethylase 4CKIR, killer immunoglobulin-like receptorLAG3, lymphocyte activation gene 3LILR, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptorLMP, low molecular weight proteinLOX, lysyl oxidaseMDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cellMHC, major histocompatibility complexMIC, MHC class I polypeptide-related sequenceNGF, nerve growth factorNK cellsNK, natural killerNOD, nonobese diabeticNSG, NOD/SCID IL-2 receptor gamma chain nullOCT4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4PD-1, programmed death receptor-1PD-L1/2, ligands 1/2PI9, protease inhibitor 9PSME3, proteasome activator subunit 3SCID, severe combined immunodeficientSOX2, sex determining region Y-box 2TAM, tumor-associated macrophageTAP, transporter associated with antigen processingT cellsTCR, T cell receptorTreg, regulatory T cellULBP, UL16 binding proteinuPAR, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor

Identifiers

PMID33778133
PMCPMC7966825

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.