Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33777576›Full record

ReviewCureus2021

Why are Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome at Increased Risk of Depression? Exploring the Etiological Maze.

Anupa Gnawali, Viral Patel, Alejandrina Cuello-Ramírez, Anoud S Al Kaabi, Asfa Noor, Mohammed Y Rashid, Shereen Henin, Jihan A Mostafa

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anupa GnawaliFamily Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Viral PatelResearch, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Alejandrina Cuello-RamírezInternal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Anoud S Al KaabiNeonatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Asfa NoorResearch, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Mohammed Y RashidGeneral Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Shereen HeninInternal Medicine, Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Jihan A MostafaPsychiatry, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and common multisystemic disorder. Women with PCOS have up to eight times higher prevalence of depression than control groups. This paper aims to explore the underlying risk factors for developing depression in this high-risk group. Studies indicate an interplay of multiple mechanisms that place women with PCOS at an increased risk for depression. The pathophysiology thought to play a role includes disturbances in the endocrine axes and changes to the metabolic pathway. The risk of depression is independently linked to insulin resistance and obesity in this population. However, rates of depression were still higher than control groups when accounting for these variables, demonstrating that they are not the only mechanism causing depression. The clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism and menstrual abnormalities may compound negative views and lower self-esteem and negatively impact mood. Many of these women also struggle with infertility, and due to the added external pressures like societal beliefs and culture, they may be further negatively impacted and worsen their depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depression in women with PCOS is high; thus, this paper highlights the essential understanding of the underlying mechanisms at play. This is to better aid in addressing the fundamental cause of depression in this high-risk group effectively.

Indexed as

depressionhyperandrogenisminsulin resistancemenstrual irregularitiespolycystic ovary syndrome (pcos)

Identifiers

PMID33777576
PMCPMC7990040
OpenAlexW3130724350

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.