ArticleFrontiers in physiology2021
Soluble TIM3 and Its Ligands Galectin-9 and CEACAM1 Are in Disequilibrium During Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Promote Impairment of Anti-bacterial Immunity.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis-associated hepatocarcinoma preclinical models.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The Sugar-Coated Truth of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Galectins as Multifaceted Regulators of Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury.The American journal of pathology · 2026Review
- T cell dysregulation reflects disease stage in hepatitis virus and alcohol-related liver disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Galectins and Liver Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Soluble Herpes Virus Entry Mediator and Type II/III Interferons Are Upregulated in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- In vivo Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition attenuates alcohol-associated liver disease by regulating CD84-mediated granulopoiesis.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
- Human Precision-Cut Liver Slices: A Potential Platform to Study Alcohol-Related Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A Pathogenic Role of Non-Parenchymal Liver Cells in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease of Infectious and Non-Infectious Origin.Biology · 2023Review
- Editorial: Soluble immune checkpoints: Novel physiological immunomodulators.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Assessment of neutrophil subsets and immune checkpoint inhibitor expressions on T lymphocytes in liver transplantation: A preliminary study beyond the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Expression changes of Tim-3 as one of supplementary indicators for monitoring prognosis of liver pathological changes in chronic HBV infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Persistent T-cell exhaustion in relation to prolonged pulmonary pathology and death after severe COVID-19: Results from two Norwegian cohort studies.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Article
- A review of alcohol-pathogen interactions: New insights into combined disease pathomechanisms.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Review
- Human Immunocompetent Model of Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases Recapitulates Patient-Specific Tumour Microenvironment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Soluble Immune Checkpoints Are Dysregulated in COVID-19 and Heavy Alcohol Users With HIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Early loss of T lymphocyte 4-1BB receptor expression is associated with higher short-term mortality in alcoholic hepatitis.PloS one · 2021Article
- The FGL-1/LAG-3 Axis is Associated With Disease Course in Alcohol-associated Hepatitis: A Preliminary Report.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsImmunoregulatory checkpoint receptors (CR) contribute to the profound immunoparesis observed in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and
methodsIn Alcoholic Hepatitis (AH;
resultsSoluble-TIM3 was the dominant plasma soluble-CR in ALD vs. HC (
conclusionsAlcohol-related liver disease patients exhibit supra-physiological plasma levels of soluble-TIM3, particularly those with greater disease severity. This is also associated with increased levels of soluble TIM3-ligands and membrane-TIM3 expression on immune cells. Soluble-TIM3 can block the TIM3-ligand synapse and improve anti-bacterial immunity; however, the increased levels of soluble TIM3-binding ligands in patients with ALD negate any potential immunostimulatory effects. We believe that anti-TIM3 neutralizing antibodies currently in Phase I clinical trials or soluble-TIM3 should be investigated further for their ability to enhance anti-bacterial immunity. These agents could potentially represent an innovative immune-based supportive approach to rescue anti-bacterial defenses in ALD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.