Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33776640›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2021

Biological Timing and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Role for Circadian Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Ethan Lorsung, Ramanujam Karthikeyan, Ruifeng Cao

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Circadian rhythm lncRNABiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026
    Article
  3. Circadian Neurology.Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  9. Review
  10. Article
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  13. Review
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  16. Small Differences and Big Changes: The Many Variables of MicroRNA Expression and Function in the Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ethan LorsungDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States.
Ramanujam KarthikeyanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States.
Ruifeng CaoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States.
University of Minnesota, Duluth · US

Funding

Mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and the suprachiasmatic circadian clockR01NS118026 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI CAO, RUIFENG (RAY) · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS118026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, as well as stereotyped and repetitive behaviors. ASDs affect nearly 2% of the United States child population and the worldwide prevalence has dramatically increased in recent years. The etiology is not clear but ASD is thought to be caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Circadian rhythms are the ∼24 h rhythms driven by the endogenous biological clock, and they are found in a variety of physiological processes. Growing evidence from basic and clinical studies suggest that the dysfunction of the circadian timing system may be associated with ASD and its pathogenesis. Here we review the findings that link circadian dysfunctions to ASD in both experimental and clinical studies. We first introduce the organization of the circadian system and ASD. Next, we review physiological indicators of circadian rhythms that are found disrupted in ASD individuals, including sleep-wake cycles, melatonin, cortisol, and serotonin. Finally, we review evidence in epidemiology, human genetics, and biochemistry that indicates underlying associations between circadian regulation and the pathogenesis of ASD. In conclusion, we propose that understanding the functional importance of the circadian clock in normal and aberrant neurodevelopmental processes may provide a novel perspective to tackle ASD, and clinical treatments for ASD individuals should comprise an integrative approach considering the dynamics of daily rhythms in physical, mental, and social processes.

Indexed as

autism spectrum disorderscircadian rhythmsclock genescortisolmelatoninmTORserotoninsleep

Identifiers

PMID33776640
PMCPMC7994532
OpenAlexW3139159029

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.