Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33774895›Full record

ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2021

Spray-induced gene silencing for disease control is dependent on the efficiency of pathogen RNA uptake.

Lulu Qiao, Chi Lan, Luca Capriotti, Audrey Ah-Fong, Jonatan Nino Sanchez, Rachael Hamby, Jens Heller, Hongwei Zhao, N Louise Glass, Howard S Judelson and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
153citing papers in PubMed
36.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

153 citing papers in PubMed, 274 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) of Dual-Target Genes (Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Targeted Suppression of the Tomato PathogenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Recent Advances in Pathogenicity and Biocontrol of PostharvestJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Wheat miR408 and miR159 Weaken the Virulence ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Lulu QiaoCollege of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Chi LanCollege of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Luca CapriottiDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Audrey Ah-FongDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Jonatan Nino SanchezDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Rachael HambyDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Jens HellerDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Hongwei ZhaoCollege of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9107-765X
N Louise GlassDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Howard S JudelsonDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Bruno MezzettiDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Dongdong NiuCollege of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9926-0923
Hailing JinDepartment of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5778-5193
University of California, Riverside · USLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · USNanjing Agricultural University · CN

Funding

The role of host endogenous small RNAs in innate immunityR01GM093008 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE · PI JIN, HAILING · 2010 to 2019
$2.6M
Cross-kingdom RNA communications between plant and fungal pathogensR35GM136379 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE · PI JIN, HAILING · 2020 to 2024
$2.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM093008NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM136379
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent discoveries show that fungi can take up environmental RNA, which can then silence fungal genes through environmental RNA interference. This discovery prompted the development of Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) for plant disease management. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of SIGS across a variety of eukaryotic microbes. We first examined the efficiency of RNA uptake in multiple pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi, and an oomycete pathogen. We observed efficient double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) uptake in the fungal plant pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Aspergillus niger and Verticillium dahliae, but no uptake in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and weak uptake in a beneficial fungus, Trichoderma virens. For the oomycete plant pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, RNA uptake was limited and varied across different cell types and developmental stages. Topical application of dsRNA targeting virulence-related genes in pathogens with high RNA uptake efficiency significantly inhibited plant disease symptoms, whereas the application of dsRNA in pathogens with low RNA uptake efficiency did not suppress infection. Our results have revealed that dsRNA uptake efficiencies vary across eukaryotic microbe species and cell types. The success of SIGS for plant disease management can largely be determined by the pathogen's RNA uptake efficiency.

Indexed as

Gene SilencingRNA, Double-StrandedAscomycotaBotrytisColletotrichumPlant DiseasesRhizoctoniaRNA InterferenceVerticilliumRNA, Double-Strandeddouble-stranded RNARNA interferencesmall RNAspray-induced gene silencinguptake efficiency

Identifiers

PMID33774895
PMCPMC8428832
OpenAlexW3142705925

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.