ArticleVision research2021
Task-dependent contrast gain in anomalous trichromats.
Article in Vision research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of color-enhancing filters on color salience in normal trichromats.Vision research · 2026Article
- Effects of color-enhancing filters on color salience in normal trichromats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Color contrast adaptation and compensation in color deficiencies.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- Achromatic loci in normal and anomalous trichromats.Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision · 2025Article
- Visual search for warm and cool colors.Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision · 2025Article
- Gaining the system: limits to compensating color deficiencies through post-receptoral gain changes.Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision · 2023Article
- Calibrating Vision: Concepts and Questions.Vision research · 2022Review
- Color perception and compensation in color deficiencies assessed with hue scaling.Vision research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anomalous trichromacy is a form of color vision deficiency characterized by the presence of three cone types, but with shifted spectral sensitivities for L or M cones, causing a red-green color deficiency. However, long-term adaptation to this impoverished opponent input may allow for a more normal color experience at the suprathreshold level ("compensation"). Recent experimental evidence points to the presence of compensation in some tasks. The current study used threshold detection, suprathreshold contrast matching, and a reaction-time task to compare contrast coding in normal and anomalous observers along the cardinal cone-opponent axes. Compared to color normals, anomals required more L-M contrast, but not S contrast, to detect stimuli and to match an achromatic reference stimulus. Reaction times were measured for several contrast levels along the two cone-opponent axes. Anomals had higher overall reaction times, but their reaction-time versus contrast functions could be matched to those of controls simply by scaling contrast by the detection thresholds. Anomalous participants were impaired relative to controls for L-M stimuli in all three tasks. However, the contrast losses were three times greater for thresholds and reaction times than for suprathreshold matches. These data provide evidence for compensation in anomalous trichromats, but highlight the role that the experimental task plays in revealing it.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.