Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33772650›Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2021

Understanding Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health: Cardiovascular Disease in Hispanics/Latinos and South Asians in the United States.

Jenny S Guadamuz, Karan Kapoor, Mariana Lazo, Andrea Eleazar, Tamer Yahya, Alka M Kanaya, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Usama Bilal

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Trends in Hypertension Prevalence and Control in the United States Over 25 Years.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Equitable Stroke Care for a Growing Population: The Need for Cultural Sensitivity.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Cardiovascular Disease in Hispanic Women: JACC Review Topic of the Week.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2024
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Jenny S GuadamuzProgram on Medicines and Public Health, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Karan KapoorJohns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mariana LazoDepartment of Community Health and Prevention, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Andrea EleazarUrban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Tamer YahyaDivision of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Alka M KanayaDivision of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Miguel Cainzos-AchiricaJohns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Usama BilalUrban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ub45@drexel.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9868-7773
Drexel University · USHouston Methodist · USJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

The Health Consequences of Urban ScalingDP5OD026429 · OD · DREXEL UNIVERSITY · PI BILAL, USAMA · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Training in CVD Epidemiology & Related Chronic Diseases in Minority PopulationsT32HL125294 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI DAVIGLUS, MARTHA L · 2015 to 2019
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL125294NIH HHS DP5 OD026429
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThe main purpose of this review is to summarize the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among two of the largest and most diverse immigrant groups in the United States (Hispanics/Latinos and South Asians). RECENT

findingsWhile the migration process generates unique challenges for individuals, there is a wide heterogeneity in the characteristics of immigrant populations, both between and within regions of origin. Hispanic/Latino immigrants to the United States have lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors, prevalence, and mortality, but this assessment is limited by issues related to the "salmon bias." South Asian immigrants to the United States generally have higher levels of risk factors and higher mortality. In both cases, levels of risk factors and mortality generally increase with time of living in the United States (US). While immigration acts as a social determinant of health, associations between immigration and cardiovascular disease and its risk factors are complex and vary across subpopulations.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesEmigration and ImmigrationAsian PeopleHispanic or LatinoHumansSocial Determinants of HealthUnited StatesCardiovascular diseaseHealth disparitiesHispanicsImmigrant healthLatinosSouth Asia

Identifiers

PMID33772650
PMCPMC8164823
OpenAlexW3147748396

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.