ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Among Household Contacts: A Multinational Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- MicroRNA-1246 regulates macrophage lipid metabolism and is involved in resistance to human Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteriology and immunity necessitate a multi-pronged immune strategy for vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Multiparameter antigen-specific immunoprofiling in subjects with negative IGRA and TST results with potentialFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Exploring Host-driven Immunopathological Factors Developing Severe Tuberculosis: Insights from Comparative Mouse Models.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- A human YEATS4 variant confers resistance to TST and IGRA conversion despite Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Using host and bacterial genetic approaches to define virulence strategies and protective immunity duringmSphere · 2025Review
- Underestimated latent tuberculosis infection burden among school contacts in China: a cross-sectional study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
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- Capturing RecentTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts in inland Bahia, Brazil: a cross-sectional follow-up study.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2024Article
- Impact of Reversion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immunoreactivity Tests on the Estimated Annual Risk of Tuberculosis Infection.American journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Genetic epidemiology of resistance to M. tuberculosis Infection: importance of study design and recent findings.Genes and immunity · 2023Review
- Mycobacterial-specific secretion of cytokines and chemokines in healthcare workers with apparent resistance to infection withFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Know your tuberculosis epidemic-Is it time to add Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunoreactivity back into global surveillance?PLOS global public health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 13 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSome contacts of patients with tuberculosis remain negative on tests for tuberculosis infection, despite prolonged exposure, suggesting they might be resistant to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The objective of this multinational study was to estimate the proportion of household contacts resistant to M. tuberculosis (resisters).
methodsWe conducted a longitudinal study enrolling index patients enrolled in treatment for pulmonary multidrug- or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis and their household contacts. Contacts were tested for tuberculosis infection with a tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) at baseline and after 1 year. Exposure was quantified based on index patients' infectiousness, index patient and household contact interaction, and age. We explored multiple definitions of resistance to tuberculosis infection by varying TST negativity cutoffs (0 vs <5 mm), classification of missing test results, and exposure level.
resultsIn total, 1016 contacts were evaluated from 284 households; 572 contacts aged ≥5 years had TST and longitudinal IGRA results available. And 77 (13%) or 71 (12%) contacts were classified as resisters with a <5 mm or 0 mm TST threshold, respectively. Among 263 highly exposed contacts, 29 (11%) or 26 (10%) were classified as resisters using TST cutoffs of <5 mm and 0 mm, respectively. The prevalence of resisters did not differ substantially by sex, age, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection, or comorbid conditions.
conclusionsAt least 10% of household contacts can be classified as resistant to tuberculosis infection, depending on the definition used, including those with high exposure. Further studies to understand genetic or immunologic mechanisms underlying the resister phenotype may inform novel strategies for therapeutics and vaccines.
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