SynthesisWorld journal of surgery2021
Are Surgeons Working Smarter or Harder? A Systematic Review Comparing the Physical and Mental Demands of Robotic and Laparoscopic or Open Surgery.
Synthesis in World journal of surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Expertise Transfer Framework For Autonomous Surgical Assistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mental Stress Assessment and Clinical Application of Wearable Devices as Evaluable Outcomes in Robotic Prostatectomy.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- The Pregnant Surgeon: Welcoming the Advanced Ergonomics of Robotic Surgery.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Review
- Initial adaptation and surgical performance of the hinotori™ robotic system among pediatric surgeons with minimal robotic exposure.Pediatric surgery international · 2025Article
- Ergonomics in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparative analysis of musculoeskeletical and mental workload in prone vs. supine positions with two lithotripters-a pilot study.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Examining surgeon stress in robotic and laparoscopic surgery.Journal of robotic surgery · 2024Article
- Examining workload variations among different surgical team roles, specialties, and techniques: a multicenter cross-sectional descriptive study.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2024Article
- Cesena guidelines: WSES consensus statement on laparoscopic-first approach to general surgery emergencies and abdominal trauma.World journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2023Article
- Demands of surgical teams in robotic-assisted surgery: An assessment of intraoperative workload within different surgical specialties.American journal of surgery · 2023Article
- Training curriculum in minimally invasive emergency digestive surgery: 2022 WSES position paper.World journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMinimally invasive surgical techniques such as robotic surgical platforms have provided favourable outcomes for patients, but the impact on surgeons is not well described. This systematic review aims to synthesize and evaluate the physical and mental impact of robotic surgery on surgeons compared to standard laparoscopic or open surgery.
methodsA search strategy was developed to identify peer-reviewed English articles published from inception to end of December 2019 on the following databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase. The articles were assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa tool.
resultsOf the 6563 papers identified, 30 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis of this review. Most of the included studies presented a high risk of bias. A total of 13 and 21 different physical and mental tools, respectively, were used to examine the impact on surgeons. The most common tool used to measure physical and mental demand were surface electromyography (N = 9) and the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX; N = 8), respectively. Majority of studies showed mixed results for physical (N = 10) and mental impact (N = 7). This was followed by eight and six studies favouring RS over other surgical modalities for physical and mental impact, respectively.
conclusionMost studies showed mixed physical and mental outcomes between the three surgical modalities. There was a high risk of bias and methodological heterogeneity. Future studies need to correlate mental and physical stress with long-term impact on the surgeons.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.