ArticleScientific reports2021
Bacteremic sepsis leads to higher mortality when adjusting for confounders with propensity score matching.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Characteristics, Empirical Antibiotic Appropriateness, and Outcomes of Gram-Positive Versus Gram-Negative Bacteremia in Emergency Department Patients with Sepsis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Empty/Hollow Nanoparticles as Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Septic Shock.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Likelihood of Blood Culture Positivity Using SeptiCyte RAPID.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes in Adult Patients Receiving Definitive Cefazolin Therapy for Community-Acquired Enterobacterales Bacteremias across Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Breakpoints.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2026Article
- The Ability of NEWS2 to Detect Sepsis in Adult Patients With Positive Blood Cultures.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- The predictive performance of NEWS, MEWS, SOFA and SAPS II in outcomes of bacteremic and non-bacteremic sepsis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Likelihood of blood culture positivity using SeptiCyte RAPID.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Potentials of Presepsin as a Novel Sepsis Biomarker in Critically Ill Adults: Correlation Analysis with the Current Diagnostic Markers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of invasiveEpidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Sepsis in Internal Medicine: blood culture-based subtypes, hospital outcomes, and predictive biomarkers.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of blood culture positivity on clinical outcomes in sepsis: a prospective observational study.Le infezioni in medicina · 2025Article
- Early detection of bloodstream infection in critically ill children using artificial intelligence.Acute and critical care · 2024Article
- An investigation into the quality of life improvements after vertebral osteomyelitis depending on the status of pathogen detection.Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica · 2024Article
- The Impact of Pathogens on Sepsis Prevalence and Outcome.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Utility of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases in Critically Ill Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Delayed Treatment of Bloodstream Infection at Admission is Associated With Initial Low Early Warning Score and Increased Mortality.Critical care explorations · 2023Article
- Rationale for sequential extracorporeal therapy (SET) in sepsis.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Review
- Defining Posttraumatic Sepsis for Population-Level Research.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- New, Useful Criteria for Assessing the Evidence of Infection in Sepsis Research.Critical care explorations · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
One can falsely assume that it is well known that bacteremia is associated with higher mortality in sepsis. Only a handful of studies specifically focus on the comparison of culture-negative and culture-positive sepsis with different conclusions depending on study design. The aim of this study was to describe outcome for critically ill patients with either culture-positive or -negative sepsis in a clinical review. We also aimed to identify subphenotypes of sepsis with culture status included as candidate clinical variables. Out of 784 patients treated in intensive care with a sepsis diagnosis, blood cultures were missing in 140 excluded patients and 95 excluded patients did not fulfill a sepsis diagnosis. Of 549 included patients, 295 (54%) had bacteremia, 90 (16%) were non-bacteremic but with relevant pathogens detected and in 164 (30%) no relevant pathogen was detected. After adjusting for confounders, 90-day mortality was higher in bacteremic patients, 47%, than in non-bacteremic patients, 36%, p = 0.04. We identified 8 subphenotypes, with different mortality rates, where pathogen detection in microbial samples were important for subphenotype distinction and outcome. In conclusion, bacteremic patients had higher mortality than their non-bacteremic counter-parts and bacteremia is more common in sepsis when studied in a clinical review. For reducing population heterogeneity and improve the outcome of trials and treatment for sepsis, distinction of subphenotypes might be useful and pathogen detection an important factor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.