Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33772077›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Glutathione ethyl ester reverses the deleterious effects of fentanyl on ventilation and arterial blood-gas chemistry while prolonging fentanyl-induced analgesia.

Michael W Jenkins, Faiza Khalid, Santhosh M Baby, Walter J May, Alex P Young, James N Bates, Feixiong Cheng, James M Seckler, Stephen J Lewis

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Reversal of morphine-induced respiratory depression with the µAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025
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  4. Fentanyl overdose: Temporal effects and prognostic factors in SKH1 mice.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2024
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  16. L-NAC reverses of the adverse effects of fentanyl infusion on ventilation and blood-gas chemistry.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Michael W JenkinsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Faiza KhalidDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Santhosh M BabySection of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Horsham, PA, USA.
Walter J MayDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Alex P YoungDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
James N BatesDepartment of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Feixiong ChengCleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
James M SecklerDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Stephen J LewisDepartment of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4984, USA. sjl78@case.edu.
Case Western Reserve University · USUniversity of Virginia · USCleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine · USUniversity Hospitals of Cleveland · USUniversity of Iowa · US

Funding

Optimization of novel thioesters as a therapeutic strategy for combating opioid overdoses and abuseU01DA051373 · NIDA · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LEWIS, STEPHEN JOHN · 2020 to 2022
$1.5M
NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051373
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is an urgent need to develop novel compounds that prevent the deleterious effects of opioids such as fentanyl on minute ventilation while, if possible, preserving the analgesic actions of the opioids. We report that L-glutathione ethyl ester (GSHee) may be such a novel compound. In this study, we measured tail flick latency (TFL), arterial blood gas (ABG) chemistry, Alveolar-arterial gradient, and ventilatory parameters by whole body plethysmography to determine the responses elicited by bolus injections of fentanyl (75 μg/kg, IV) in male adult Sprague-Dawley rats that had received a bolus injection of GSHee (100 μmol/kg, IV) 15 min previously. GSHee given alone had minimal effects on TFL, ABG chemistry and A-a gradient whereas it elicited changes in some ventilatory parameters such as an increase in breathing frequency. In vehicle-treated rats, fentanyl elicited (1) an increase in TFL, (2) decreases in pH, pO

Indexed as

AnalgesiaAnalgesics, OpioidAnimalsBlood Gas AnalysisCarbon DioxideDrug DiscoveryFentanylGlutathioneMaleOxygenPainPain ManagementRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRespirationRespiratory InsufficiencyAnalgesics, OpioidCarbon DioxideFentanylGlutathioneOxygenS-ethyl glutathione

Identifiers

PMID33772077
PMCPMC7997982
OpenAlexW3136933687

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.