ReviewVaccine2021
mRNA vaccines manufacturing: Challenges and bottlenecks.
Review in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 257 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
257 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 488 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Using mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases other than COVID-19.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Pooled it
- IntegratedMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- BMP-7 mRNA delivered by Fibrin-CaP scaffolds activates osteogenic programs in vivo as evidenced by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Translating base editors: a decade of progress from the bench to the clinic.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- The advances and challenges of mRNA-LNP application in fields of hematology and oncology therapeutics.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Bioengineering strategies for improving the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Accelerated discovery of thermostable mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccines using data-efficient AI.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular Basis of pH-Dependent Activity in T7 RNA Polymerase Revealed by Constant pH Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics.ACS physical chemistry Au · 2026Article
- Research Progress, Application, and Industrialization Prospects of Circular RNA Vaccines in Viral Diseases.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Beyond the genetic code: orchestrating epigenetic and immune landscapes with multivalent mRNA-exosome vaccines.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- mRNA-1010 and the Future of Seasonal Influenza Prevention: Towards Next-Generation Respiratory Vaccination.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Bacterial mRNA Vaccines: Programming Immunity Against Antimicrobial Resistance.Drug development research · 2026Review
- The current landscape of mRNA therapy and the strategies for mRNA purification and dsRNA removal.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- A calreticulin-linked HPV-16 E7 minigene DNA vaccine elicits strong E7-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity and durable antitumor effects in a preclinical model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High-throughput monitoring of free MgAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- A Modular Mechanistic In Silico Model for In Vitro Transcription Process Yield and Product Quality Prediction.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Article
- mRNA Vaccines for Influenza: Hope for a Universal Vaccine?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Analytical Characterization and Stability Assessment of RNA-Based Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Engineered T7 RNA polymerase to improve mRNA capping efficiency and reduce dsRNA generation duringMolecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Transdermal Delivery of an mRNA-Liposome Vaccine via Dissolving Microneedle to Preserve Vaccine Activity and Enhance Immune Activation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
197 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most important tools in public health and play an important role in infectious diseases control. Owing to its precision, safe profile and flexible manufacturing, mRNA vaccines are reaching the stoplight as a new alternative to conventional vaccines. In fact, mRNA vaccines were the technology of choice for many companies to combat the Covid-19 pandemic, and it was the first technology to be approved in both United States and in Europe Union as a prophylactic treatment. Additionally, mRNA vaccines are being studied in the clinic to treat a number of diseases including cancer, HIV, influenza and even genetic disorders. The increased demand for mRNA vaccines requires a technology platform and cost-effective manufacturing process with a well-defined product characterisation. Large scale production of mRNA vaccines consists in a 1 or 2-step in vitro reaction followed by a purification platform with multiple steps that can include Dnase digestion, precipitation, chromatography or tangential flow filtration. In this review we describe the current state-of-art of mRNA vaccines, focusing on the challenges and bottlenecks of manufacturing that need to be addressed to turn this new vaccination technology into an effective, fast and cost-effective response to emerging health crises.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.