Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33771157›Full record

ReviewMicrobial cell factories2021

Microbial production of ectoine and hydroxyectoine as high-value chemicals.

Mengshuang Liu, Hui Liu, Meng Shi, Mingyue Jiang, Lingling Li, Yanning Zheng

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microbial cell factories, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed
12.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 131 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Taxogenomic and Physiological Characterization ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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  15. Metabolic response ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  17. Decoding metabolic trade-offs inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025
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  18. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mengshuang LiuState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
Hui LiuCAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Meng ShiDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Mingyue JiangState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
Lingling LiState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
Yanning ZhengState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. zhengyn@im.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2925-283X
Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

Key Technologies Research and Development Program 2020YFA0906800National Natural Science Foundation of China 91851102 and 32070034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ectoine and hydroxyectoine as typical representatives of compatible solutes are not only essential for extremophiles to survive in extreme environments, but also widely used in cosmetic and medical industries. Ectoine was traditionally produced by Halomonas elongata through a "bacterial milking" process, of which the marked feature is using a high-salt medium to stimulate ectoine biosynthesis and then excreting ectoine into a low-salt medium by osmotic shock. The optimal hydroxyectoine production was achieved by optimizing the fermentation process of Halomonas salina. However, high-salinity broth exacerbates the corrosion to fermenters, and more importantly, brings a big challenge to the subsequent wastewater treatment. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to reducing the salinity of the fermentation broth but without a sacrifice of ectoine/hydroxyectoine production. With the fast development of functional genomics and synthetic biology, quite a lot of progress on the bioproduction of ectoine/hydroxyectoine has been achieved in recent years. The importation and expression of an ectoine producing pathway in a non-halophilic chassis has so far achieved the highest titer of ectoine (~ 65 g/L), while rational flux-tuning of halophilic chassis represents a promising strategy for the next-generation of ectoine industrial production. However, efficient conversion of ectoine to hydroxyectoine, which could benefit from a clearer understanding of the ectoine hydroxylase, is still a challenge to date.

Indexed as

Biosynthetic PathwaysFermentationAmino Acids, DiaminoBacterial ProteinsBioreactorsHalomonasOsmotic PressureSalinityAmino Acids, DiaminoBacterial ProteinsectoinehydroxyectoineEctoineHalophilesHydroxyectoineMetabolic engineeringModel microorganisms

Identifiers

PMID33771157
PMCPMC7995798
OpenAlexW3137625127

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.