ArticleBMC neuroscience2021
Sex effects on clinical features in LRRK2 G2385R carriers and non-carriers in Parkinson's disease.
Article in BMC neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in alpha-synucleinopathies: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Genetic heterogeneity on sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational neurodegeneration · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Parkinson's Disease Patients with Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Clinical features and progression of Parkinson's disease with LRRK2 variants: A prospective study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in the Speech of Persons With and Without Parkinson's Disease.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in Parkinson's Disease: From Bench to Bedside.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- LRRK2 and Proteostasis in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundDifferences of genotypes between male and female have been studied in Parkinson's disease (PD), but limited research has focused on the comparison between sexes with LRRK2 G2385 variant.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to explore sex effects in the same genetic subtype and role of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2385R variants in the same sex in PD.
methods613 PD patients were recruited from the Movement Disorders Clinic in Ruijin Hospital. We did not include healthy controls in this study. The data collected includes demographic information, disease history, scores of motor and non-motor symptoms scales, midbrain transcranial sonography and DNA. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between clinical features and sex in LRRK2 G2385R carriers and non-carriers, as well as the association between the clinical features and LRRK2 G2385R variants in male and female sex.
resultsSex distribution is similar in LRRK2 G2385R carriers and non-carriers. In male sex, LRRK2 G2385R carriers showed lower risk in cognitive impairment compared with non-carriers (OR = 0.301, p = 0.003, 95%CI 0.135-0.668). In female sex, LRRK2 G2385R carriers showed lower risk in autonomic dysfunction compared with non-carrier (OR = 0.401, p = 0.040, 95%CI 0.167-0.960). In LRRK2 G2385R non-carriers, female sex showed lower risk of impairment in activity of daily living (OR = 0.610, p = 0.021, 95%CI 0.400-0.928), excessive daytime sleepiness (OR = 0.555, p = 0.007, 95%CI 0.361-0.853), substantia nigra hyperechogenicity (OR = 0.448, p = 0.019, 95%CI 0.228-0.878), autonomic dysfunction frequency (OR = 0.626, p = 0.016, 95%CI 0.428-0.917) and higher risk in mood disorders (OR = 1.691, p = 0.022, 95%CI 1.078-2.654) compared with male. In LRRK2 G2385R carriers, female sex showed a lower risk of autonomic dysfunction (OR = 0.294, p = 0.024, 95%CI 0.102-0.849) compared with male.
conclusionIn contrast to male PD patients, a more benign disease course was observed in female in both LRRK2 G2385R carriers and non-carriers. However, sex differences were less notable in PD with LRRK2 G2385R variants.
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