Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33769734›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology

Increased serum levels of interleukin-6 in erythema nodosum leprosum suggest its use as a biomarker.

Fátima Regina Vilani-Moreno, Vânia Nieto Brito-de-Souza, Sônia Maria Usó Ruiz Silva, Adriana Sierra Assêncio Almeida Barbosa, Beatriz Gomes Carreira Sartori, Ana Paula Campanelli, Jaison Antonio Barreto, Marcos da Cunha Lopes Virmond

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In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Th17 Cells and Cytokines in Leprosy: Understanding the Immune Response and Polarization.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Fátima Regina Vilani-MorenoBiology Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vânia Nieto Brito-de-SouzaImmunology Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Sônia Maria Usó Ruiz SilvaMicrobiology Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Adriana Sierra Assêncio Almeida BarbosaBiology Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Beatriz Gomes Carreira SartoriBiology Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ana Paula CampanelliBauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Jaison Antonio BarretoEpidemiology Service, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcos da Cunha Lopes VirmondRehabilitation Team, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima · BRUniversidade de São Paulo · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundErythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a frequent complication of multibacillary leprosy that can result in significant morbidity, including peripheral nerve damage and physical disability. The identification of possible serum markers could be a valuable tool for the early detection of ENL.

aimsThe purpose of this study was to evaluate selected serum mediators involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses to identify possible immunomarkers for ENL.

methodsThe levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-17, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, nitric oxide and anti-phenolic glycolipid-I antibodies were measured in the sera of leprosy patients with ENL [at the beginning of reaction (M0) and 1 month later (M1)], and then compared with the levels of the same markers in patients with untreated multibacillary leprosy without ENL (controls with leprosy: CTRL) and healthy individuals (healthy controls: CTRH).

resultsSignificantly higher levels of serum interleukin-6 were observed in M0 than in CTRL. In addition, pairwise comparisons showed higher levels of interleukin-6 in M0 compared to M1. Levels of tumor necrosis factor were higher in M0 than in CTRL, with no significant difference between M0 and M1. There were no differences in the levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-17 or interferon-γ between groups. The CTRL group had higher levels of nitric oxide compared to M0 and M1. High levels of anti-phenolic glycolipid-I were observed in M0, M1 and CTRL than in CTRH. LIMITATIONS: Three patients were not assessed at M1, decreasing the number of evaluated patients from 14 to 11.

conclusionHigh-serum levels of interleukin-6 were observed during ENL, primarily in patients with more severe reactions; levels decreased after specific therapy, suggesting a role for this cytokine in pathogenesis and its utility as an ENL biomarker. Further studies should explore whether interleukin-6 could also be used as a predictive marker for ENL or as a specific target for its treatment.

Indexed as

BiomarkersCase-Control StudiesErythema NodosumFemaleHumansInterleukin-6LeprosyMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness IndexTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaBiomarkersInterleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaBiomarkercytokineserythema nodosuminterleukin 6leprosy

Identifiers

PMID33769734
OpenAlexW3135250161

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.