ReviewClinical & experimental ophthalmology2021
Can in vivo confocal microscopy differentiate between sub-types of dry eye disease? A review.
Review in Clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines on clinical approach, diagnosis, and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- CORONIS symposium 2023: Scientific and clinical frontiers in ocular surface innervation.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Article
- Multimodal Approach in Dry Eye Disease Combining In Vivo Confocal Microscopy and HLA-DR Expression.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Confocal Microscopy of the Cornea in Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Disease-A Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Associations between Corneal Nerve Structure and Function in a Veteran Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- How does ocular graft-versus-host disease fit under the dry eye umbrella? A review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Confocal Microscopy Abnormalities Preceding Antibody Positivity and Manifestations of Sjogren's Syndrome.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2023Article
- Automated identification and quantification of activated dendritic cells in central cornea using artificial intelligence.The ocular surface · 2023Article
- Role ofIndian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- The environment and dry eye-manifestations, mechanisms, and more.Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Review
- Factors affecting the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of ocular surface pain.Expert review of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Clearing the light path: proteoglycans and their important roles in the lens and cornea.Proteoglycan researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many studies utilised in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) to associate variations in corneal structures with dry eye disease (DED). However, DED is an umbrella term that covers various aetiologies and presentations. This review analyses populations by DED aetiology to determine the relationships between IVCM parameters and specific DED sub-types. It focuses on the most commonly examined structures, sub-basal nerves and dendritic cells. Across the literature, most studies found individuals with immune-mediated DED had lower sub-basal nerve fibre number and density than controls, with smaller differences between non-immune DED and controls. However, wide ranges of values reported across studies demonstrate considerable overlap between DED sub-types and controls, rendering these metrics less helpful when diagnosing an individual patient. Dendritic cell density was considerably higher in individuals with immune-mediated DED than in non-immune DED or controls. As such, dendritic cell density may be a better indicator of DED associated with a systemic immune-mediated process.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.