Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33769195›Full record

ArticleSubstance use & misuse2021

Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants as a "Red Flag" for Other Substance Use.

Jason R Kilmer, Nicole Fossos-Wong, Irene M Geisner, Jih-Cheng Yeh, Mary E Larimer, M Dolores Cimini, Kathryn B Vincent, Hannah K Allen, Angelica L Barrall, Amelia M Arria

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Substance use & misuse, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Neuroenhancement in French and Romanian University Students, Motivations and Associated Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jason R KilmerCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7655-9076
Nicole Fossos-WongCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5260-2546
Irene M GeisnerCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6969-7577
Jih-Cheng YehCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0424-9973
Mary E LarimerCenter for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2003-2312
M Dolores CiminiCenter for Behavioral Health Promotion and Applied Research, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA.
Kathryn B VincentCenter on Young Adult Health and Development, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6693-244X
Hannah K AllenCenter on Young Adult Health and Development, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9742-4018
Angelica L BarrallCenter on Young Adult Health and Development, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4147-0677
Amelia M ArriaCenter on Young Adult Health and Development, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6360-9265

Funding

Personalized Health Assessment Related to Medications (Project PHARM) SupplementU01DA040219 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ARRIA, AMELIA M, CIMINI, MARIA DOLORES · 2015 to 2019
$2.4M
NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA040219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMPS) has increased on college campuses during the past two decades. NMPS is primarily driven by academic enhancement motives, and normative misperceptions exist as well. However, large, nationwide studies have not yet been conducted to generalize findings more broadly and gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between NMPS and other substance use (e.g. alcohol use, marijuana, etc.). The present study was conducted to lay the foundation for prevention efforts related to NMPS by establishing NMPS prevalence, practices surrounding NMPS, and other substance use.

methods

resultsAnalyses revealed a 17% past-year prevalence of NMPS with associated widespread misperceptions of peer use. NMPS was significantly related to alcohol use, binge drinking, and marijuana use, as well as skipped classes and affiliation with Greek life.

conclusionsAlthough most college students do not report NMPS, those who do also are more likely to report alcohol use, binge drinking, and marijuana use, and NMPS could be a "red flag" for other risk behaviors worth exploring. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System StimulantsSubstance-Related DisordersAlcohol DrinkingHumansPrescriptionsStudentsUniversitiesCentral Nervous System StimulantsBinge drinkingcollege studentsmarijuana useprescription stimulantssocial norms

Identifiers

PMID33769195
PMCPMC8174530

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.