ArticleTransplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society2021
Breakthrough invasive fungal infection after liver transplantation in patients on targeted antifungal prophylaxis: A prospective multicentre study.
Article in Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Invasive Candidiasis in Critically Ill Patients: Fundamental Concepts and Future Directions.Chest · 2026Review
- Early Tacrolimus C0/D Ratio and Subsequent Proven Invasive Fungal Disease After Liver Transplantation with Routine Early Echinocandin Prophylaxis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- High relevance of invasive fungal disease in chronic liver transplant failure: a comprehensive cross-sectional study.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Role of liposomal amphotericin B in intensive care unit: an expert opinion paper.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2025Review
- Advancing Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- The predictors of fungal infections after liver transplantation and the influence of fungal infections on outcomes.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Establishment of a risk classifier to predict the in-hospital death risk of nosocomial fungal infections in cancer patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Observational
- Invasive Fungal Infections: The Early Killer after Liver Transplantation.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antifungal Activity of Isavuconazole and Comparator Agents against Contemporaneous Mucorales Isolates from USA, Europe, and Asia-Pacific.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development and evaluation of a novel fast broad-range PCR and sequencing assay (FBR-PCR/S) using dual priming oligonucleotides targeting the ITS/LSU gene regions for rapid diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases: multi-year experience in a large Canadian healthcare zone.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Breakthrough invasive fungal infection after liver transplantation in patients on targeted antifungal prophylaxis: A prospective multicentre study.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the rate of and the risk factors for breakthrough-IFI (b-IFI) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) according to the new definition proposed by Mycoses-Study-Group-Education-and-Research-Consortium (MSG-ERC) and the European-Confederation-of-Medical-Mycology (ECMM).
methodsMulticenter prospective study of adult patients who underwent OLT at three Italian hospitals, from January 2015 to December 2018. Targeted antifungal prophylaxis (TAP) protocol was developed and shared among participating centers. Follow-up was 1-year after OLT. B-IFI was defined as infection occurring during exposure to antifungal prophylaxis. Risk factors for b-IFI were analyzed among patients exposed to prophylaxis by univariable analysis.
resultsWe enrolled 485 OLT patients. Overall compliance to TAP protocol was 64.3%, 220 patients received antifungal prophylaxis, 172 according to TAP protocol. Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed of IFI within 1 year after OLT. Of them, 11 presented with b-IFI within 17 (IQR 11-33) and 16 (IQR 4-30) days from OLT and from antifungal onset, respectively. Then out of 11 patients with b-IFI were classified as having high risk of IFI and were receiving anti-mould prophylaxis, nine with echinocandins and one with polyenes. Comparison of patients with and without b-IFI showed significant differences for prior Candida colonization, need of renal replacement therapy after OLT, re-operation, and CMV infection (whole blood CMV-DNA >100 000 copies/mL). Although non-significant, a higher rate of b-IFI in patients on echinocandins was observed (8.2% vs 1.8%, P = .06).
conclusionsWe observed 5% of b-IFI among OLT patients exposed to antifungal prophylaxis. The impact of echinocandins on b-IFI risk in this setting should be further explored.
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