Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33767952›Full record

ReviewTaiwan journal of ophthalmology

Conservative treatments for acute nonarteritic central retinal artery occlusion: Do they work?

Rahul A Sharma, Nancy J Newman, Valérie Biousse

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Taiwan journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis for non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion: A GRADE-assessed meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Antithrombotic use in retinal artery occlusion: A narrative review.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. Early prostaglandin EFrontiers in ophthalmology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Progress in central retinal artery occlusion: a narrative review.The Journal of international medical research · 2023
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Consensus Opinion for The Management of Soft Tissue Filler Induced Vision Loss.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2021
    Review
  18. Acute Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Seen within 24 Hours at a Tertiary Institution.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2021
    Observational
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rahul A SharmaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Nancy J NewmanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Valérie BiousseDepartment of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emory University · USNeurological Surgery · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute central retinal arterial occlusion has a very poor visual prognosis. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of evidence to support the use of any of the so-called "conservative" treatment options for CRAO, and the use of thrombolytics remains controversial. In this review, we address a variety of these "conservative" pharmacologic treatments (pentoxifylline, isosorbide dinitrate, and acetazolamide) and nonpharmacologic approaches (carbogen, hyperbaric oxygen, ocular massage, anterior chamber paracentesis, laser embolectomy, and hemodilution) that have been proposed as potential treatments of this condition. We conclude that the available evidence for all treatments is insufficient to conclude that any treatment will influence the natural history of this disorder. Management of CRAO patients should instead focus on reducing the risk of subsequent ischemic events, including cerebral stroke. Certain patients may be considered for acute treatment with thrombolytics, although further research must clarify the efficacy, safety, and optimal use of these therapies.

Indexed as

Acute strokecentral retinal artery occlusionhyperbaric oxygen therapythrombolysis

Identifiers

PMID33767952
PMCPMC7971444
OpenAlexW3097134796

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.