ReviewThe World Allergy Organization journal2021
Consensus on DEfinition of Food Allergy SEverity (DEFASE) an integrated mixed methods systematic review.
Review in The World Allergy Organization journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Impact of Milk Protein Allergy on Pediatric Otitis Media Incidence.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Non-syndromic hyper-IgE in children: A practical approach.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Review
- Food allergy severity across the world: A World Allergy Organization international survey.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Methodology of the international cross-sectional prevalence and severity study of pediatric and adult IgE-mediated food allergies (ASSESS FA).The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Common data elements for food allergy clinical trials: an overview.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- The baked side: Cow's milk and egg protein threshold dose distributions in children reacting to baked milk and baked egg.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Omalizumab Implementation in Practice: Lessons Learned From the OUtMATCH Study.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024Article
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines update - XVI - Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Article
- Updated grading system for systemic allergic reactions: Joint Statement of the World Allergy Organization Anaphylaxis Committee and Allergen Immunotherapy Committee.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Review
- Milk ladder: Who? When? How? Where? with the lowest risk of reaction.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Microfluidic Analysis for the Determination of Protein Content in Different Types of Plant-Based Drinks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Reactivity to allergenic food contaminants: A study on products on the market.Clinical and translational allergy · 2023Article
- WAO consensus on DEfinition of Food Allergy SEverity (DEFASE).The World Allergy Organization journal · 2023Article
- IgE-immunoadsorption for severe allergy to multiple foods: A case series of five children.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2023Article
- Management of IgE-mediated food allergy in the 21st century.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Review
- Living with food allergies: the experiences of adult patients and caregivers.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Article
- Cow's milk and egg protein threshold dose distributions in children tolerant to beef, baked milk, and baked egg.Allergy · 2022Article
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guideline update - XIII - Oral immunotherapy for CMA - Systematic review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2022Article
- Updating the CoFAR Grading Scale for Systemic Allergic Reactions in Food Allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe term "Food Allergy" refers to a complex global health problem with a wide spectrum of severity. However, a uniform definition of severe food allergy is currently missing. This systematic review is the preliminary step towards a state-of-the-art synopsis of the current evidence relating to the severity of IgE-mediated food allergy; it will inform attempts to develop a consensus to define food allergy severity by clinicians and other stakeholders.
methodsWe undertook a mixed-methods systematic review, which involved searching 11 international biomedical databases for published studies from inception to 31 December 2019. Studies were independently screened against pre-defined eligibility criteria and critically appraised by established instruments. The substantial heterogeneity of included studies precluded meta-analyses and, therefore, narrative synthesis of quantitative and qualitative data was performed.
resultsWe found 23 studies providing eligible primary data on symptom-specific severity of food allergic reactions, and 31 previously published symptom-severity scoring systems referred to food allergic reactions. There were seven studies which assessed quality-of-life measures in patients (and family members) with different food allergy severity and two studies that investigated the economic burden of food allergy severity. Overall, the quality and the global rating of all included studies were judged as being moderate.
conclusionsThere is heterogeneity among severity scoring systems used and even outcomes considered in the context of severity of food allergy. No score has been validated. Our results will be used to inform the development of an international consensus to define the severity of food allergy. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: A protocol was prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database with the registration number CRD42020183103 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails).
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Registered trials
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