ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2021
Anti-IL5 Drugs in COVID-19 Patients: Role of Eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Immunopathology.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Vascular Pathogenesis in Acute and Long COVID: Current Insights and Therapeutic Outlook.Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis · 2025Review
- Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Exploring Asthma as a Protective Factor in COVID-19 Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Baculovirus-Expressed SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein in Mice as a Universal Vaccine Candidate.Vaccines · 2024Article
- The Impact of Cytokines on Coagulation Profile in COVID-19 Patients: Controlled for Socio-Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Parameters.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Impact of social distancing from the COVID-19 pandemic on the immuno-inflammatory response of older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Aggravated pneumonia and diabetes in SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Vitamin D status in hospitalized COVID‑19 patients is associated with disease severity and IL-5 production.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in HIV-vertically infected young patients after three doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Circulating extracellular particles from severe COVID-19 patients show altered profiling and innate lymphoid cell-modulating ability.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Potential Nexus between Helminths and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Literature Review.Journal of immunology research · 2023Review
- Anti-PD-L1 therapy altered inflammation but not survival in a lethal murine hepatitis virus-1 pneumonia model.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Mepolizumab as a Potential Protective Factor of COVID-19 Mortality: A Case Report of Chronic Bronchitis and Asthma in an Elderly Patient.The American journal of case reports · 2022Article
- Off-Label Benralizumab in Severe Non-Necrotizing Eosinophilic Vasculitis following Critical COVID-19 Disease and in DRESS.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- SARS-Cov-2 Infection in Severe Asthma Patients Treated With Biologics.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Possible Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TGF-β in COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection stimulates a complex activation of the immune system. Eosinophils belong to the host's defense equipment against respiratory viruses. In the first phase of the infection, eosinophils contribution is probably appropriate and beneficial, as they facilitate the suppression of the viral replication. However, in severe COVID-19 patients, during the second and third phases of the disease, eosinophils may participate in a maladaptive immune response and directly contribute to immunopathology. In fact, in severe patients, the immune response is prevalently T helper 1 type, but T helper 2 is also present. Eosinophils' expansion and activation are stimulated by Type 2 cytokines, especially IL-5. Moreover, bronchial asthma, in which eosinophils play a central role, seems not to be a major risk factor for severe COVID-19. Among possible explanations, asthmatic patients are often treated with corticosteroids, which have been demonstrated to reduce the progression to critical COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. In addition to steroids, severe asthmatic patients are currently treated with biological drugs that target Type 2 immune response. Because IL-5 is necessary for the growth, survival, and activation of eosinophils, IL-5 inhibitors, such as mepolizumab, decrease the peripheral blood count of eosinophils, but do not influence eosinophils activation in the airway. In severe COVID-19 patients, the blockade of eosinophils' activation might contrast harmful immunity.
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