ArticleNeurotoxicology and teratology
Post-discharge healthcare utilization in infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.
Article in Neurotoxicology and teratology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acupuncture for neonatal abstinence syndrome in newborn infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Morphine versus methadone for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot study.BMC pediatrics · 2022Trial
- Neonatal abstinence syndrome: a case series from Colombo-Sri Lanka.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Impact of Remoteness on the Outcomes of Children With Prenatal Drug Exposure: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Trends of prenatal opioid utilization and neonatal abstinence syndrome in Manitoba, Canada: A 26-year population-based cohort study.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Call to Action: Standardizing Follow-Up Care for Infants Prenatally Exposed to Opioids.Hospital pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association between pharmacologic treatment and hospital utilization at birth among neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome mother-infant dyads.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
- Delivery timing for the opioid-exposed infant.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2022Article
- Prenatal opioid-exposed infant extracellular miRNA signature obtained at birth predicts severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome with prenatal exposure to serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Prevalence of marijuana use in pregnant women with concurrent opioid use disorder or alcohol use in pregnancy.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The opioid epidemic in the United States has led to a significant increase in the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS); however, the understanding of long-term consequences of NOWS is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate post-discharge healthcare utilization in infants with NOWS and examine the association between NOWS severity and healthcare utilization. A retrospective cohort design was used to ascertain healthcare utilization in the first year after birth-related discharge using the CERNER Health Facts® database. ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnostic codes were used to identify live births and to classify infants into two study groups: NOWS and uncomplicated births (a 25% random sample). Evaluated outcomes included rehospitalization, emergency department (ED) visits within 30-days and one-year after discharge, and a composite one-year utilization event (either hospitalization or emergency department visit during that year). NOWS severity was operationalized as pharmacologic treatment, length of hospitalization, and medical conditions often associated with NOWS. In 3,526 infants with NOWS (restricted to gestational age ≥ 33 weeks), NOWS severity was associated with an increase in composite one-year utilization (OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.04-1.2) after adjusting for prematurity, sepsis, jaundice, use of antibiotics, infant sex, insurance status, race, hospital bed size, year of birth, and census division. In a subset of full-term infants (3008 with NOWS and 88,452 uncomplicated births), having a NOWS diagnosis was associated with higher odds of a 30-day (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.03-2.4) and one-year rehospitalization (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4) after adjusting for infant sex, race, type of medical insurance, hospital location, census division, year of primary encounter, hospital bed size, and medical conditions. This study found higher healthcare utilization during the first year of life in infants diagnosed with NOWS, especially those with severe NOWS. Findings suggest a need for closer post-discharge follow-up and management of infants with NOWS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.