Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33765877›Full record

ArticlePalliative medicine2021

Compounded trauma: A qualitative study of the challenges for refugees living with advanced cancer.

Ping Guo, Sawsan Alajarmeh, Ghadeer Alarja, Waleed Alrjoub, Ayman Al-Essa, Lana Abusalem, Asem Mansour, Richard Sullivan, Omar Shamieh, Richard Harding

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Palliative medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Qualitative studies on men with prostate cancer: a systematic meta-synthesis.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ping GuoSchool of Nursing, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0979-7047
Sawsan AlajarmehCenter for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Ghadeer AlarjaDepartment of Palliative Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Waleed AlrjoubCenter for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Ayman Al-EssaCenter for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Lana AbusalemKing Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0003-1591-9725
Asem MansourChief Executive Office, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Richard SullivanInstitute of Cancer Policy, King's College London, London, UK.
Omar ShamiehDepartment of Palliative Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.
Richard HardingCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9653-8689
King Hussein Cancer Center · JOKing's College London · GBUniversity of Jordan · JO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough palliative care is now an essential health service under Universal Health Coverage, ensuring access and appropriate care for refugees is a specific challenge for this large population.

aimTo identify the needs and experiences of adult refugees in Jordan with advanced cancer and informal caregivers.

designA qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. SETTING/

participantsParticipants were purposively sampled at two Jordanian hospitals to achieve heterogeneity by age, gender, country of origin, and primary diagnosis.

resultsTwenty-nine refugees (22 patients, 7 caregivers) participated, and four themes were generated: (1) Psychological distress and sustaining social support. Refugees often experienced unmet psychosocial needs. However, psychosocial support was reported either absent or limited. (2) Knowledge and uncertainty. Lack of information and poor communication between healthcare providers and patients caused significant distress due to uncertainty. (3) Family anxiety and support roles. Being away from the home country cut patients and caregivers off from their wider social support network, which added increased anxiety and responsibilities to caregivers. (4) Compounded trauma and poverty. Many refugees have experienced trauma related to war that may affect their physical and mental health. They faced serious financial crises caused by the rising cost of medicines and treatment.

conclusionsThis study reveals the impact of fractured families and networks on social support in advanced cancer, and the compounding trauma of the disease for refugees. Detailed person-centred assessment and emphasis on psychosocial support is essential, and home-based care should not presume community support for patients to remain at home.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsRefugeesAdultCaregiversHumansPalliative CareQualitative ResearchAdvanced cancerexperiencesneedspalliative carequalitative studyrefugees

Identifiers

PMID33765877
PMCPMC8114446
OpenAlexW3137535331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.