ArticleImmunity2021
Multi-cohort analysis of host immune response identifies conserved protective and detrimental modules associated with severity across viruses.
Article in Immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- A consensus immune dysregulation framework for sepsis and critical illnesses.Nature medicine · 2025Guideline
- Systemic cytokines drive conserved severity-associated myeloid responses across bacterial and viral infections.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a microcosm of challenges and opportunities for translational bioinformatics in pediatric research.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- A 6-mRNA host response classifier in whole blood predicts outcomes in COVID-19 and other acute viral infections.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Dynamic monitoring of a core pro-inflammatory cytokine panel improves mortality prediction in severe influenza.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Metabolic, viral, and immune phenotypes in long COVID.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Unlocking host response signatures in sepsis and critical illnesses.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between airway epithelial cells and mast cells in airway inflammation.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Knowledge graph-aided Bayesian active learning for top-K genetic interaction discovery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in Single-Cell Sequencing for Infectious Diseases: Progress and Perspectives.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Multi-cohort analysis identifies a blood-based immune transcriptomic signature for early lung cancer detection.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- 29-mRNA host response signatures for classification of bacterial infection, viral infection and disease progression in COVID-19 pneumonia: a post hoc analysis of the SAVE-MORE randomized clinical trial.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- scMetaIntegrator: a meta-analysis approach to paired single-cell differential expression analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- COVID-19 induces persistent transcriptional changes in adipose tissue that are not associated with Long COVID.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- APMAT analysis reveals the association between CD8 T cell receptors, cognate antigen, and T cell phenotype and persistence.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Integrative deep immune profiling of the elderly reveals systems-level signatures of aging, sex, smoking, and clinical traits.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Article
- APMAT analysis reveals the association between CD8 T cell receptors, cognate antigen, and T cell phenotype and persistence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic mortality signature defines high-risk neonatal sepsis endotype.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Viral infections induce a conserved host response distinct from bacterial infections. We hypothesized that the conserved response is associated with disease severity and is distinct between patients with different outcomes. To test this, we integrated 4,780 blood transcriptome profiles from patients aged 0 to 90 years infected with one of 16 viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, chikungunya, and influenza, across 34 cohorts from 18 countries, and single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of 702,970 immune cells from 289 samples across three cohorts. Severe viral infection was associated with increased hematopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. We identified protective and detrimental gene modules that defined distinct trajectories associated with mild versus severe outcomes. The interferon response was decoupled from the protective host response in patients with severe outcomes. These findings were consistent, irrespective of age and virus, and provide insights to accelerate the development of diagnostics and host-directed therapies to improve global pandemic preparedness.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.