ArticleJournal of medical virology2021
Fetal and placental infection with SARS-CoV-2 in early pregnancy.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission: living systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- Fetoplacental transmission and placental response to SARS-CoV-2: Evidence from the literature.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Placental histopathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2021Pooled it
- COVID-19 and miscarriage: From immunopathological mechanisms to actual clinical evidence.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2021Pooled it
- A comparative analysis of fetal mirror-image dextrocardia in China pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown lifting.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first trimester leads to profound immune dysregulation at the maternal-fetal interface despite limited virus detection in placental tissues.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Fetal vascular malperfusion and other placental lesions in relation to maternal SARS-CoV-2 exposure: a case-control study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticles preferentially infect ectoderm in human embryonic tissues.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in fetal organs via intraamniotic infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Harnessing 2D and 3D human endometrial cell culture models to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection in early pregnancy.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- PostCOVID-19 Impact on Perinatal Outcomes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Vitamin D Receptor-Interplay in COVID-19-Negative, -Infected, and -Vaccinated Women during Pregnancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Shedding Light on the COVID-19 Pandemic: Placental Expression of Cell Biomarkers in Negative, Vaccinated, and Positive Pregnant Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Preeclampsia in the Context of COVID-19: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Review
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on the placenta and fetus.Seminars in perinatology · 2024Review
- Collateral Damage in the Placenta during Viral Infection in Pregnancy: A Possible Mechanism for Vertical Transmission and an Adverse Pregnancy Outcome.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Neonatal outcomes of maternal prenatal coronavirus infection.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the placenta after maternal infection during pregnancy.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To date, mother-to-fetus transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, remains controversial. Although placental COVID-19 infection has been documented in some cases during the second- and third-trimesters, no reports are available for the first trimester of pregnancy, and no SARS-CoV-2 protein has been found in fetal tissues. We studied the placenta and fetal organs from an early pregnancy miscarriage in a COVID-19 maternal infection by immunohistochemical, reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy methods. SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, viral RNA, and particles consistent with coronavirus were found in the placenta and fetal tissues, accompanied by RNA replication revealed by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) positive immunostain. Prominent damage of the placenta and fetal organs were associated with a hyperinflammatory process identified by histological examination and immunohistochemistry. The findings provided in this study document that congenital SARS-CoV-2 infection is possible during the first trimester of pregnancy and that fetal organs, such as lung and kidney, are targets for coronavirus. The infection and multi-organic fetal inflammation produced by SARS-CoV-2 during early pregnancy should alert clinicians in the assessment and management of pregnant women for possible fetal consequences and adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.