ArticleJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2022
Evaluating working memory outcome measures for children with Down syndrome.
Article in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tablet Assessment of Cognition in Down Syndrome: Comparison of Researcher and Caregiver Administration.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Evaluating Scoring Mechanisms for Measuring the Stroop Effect in Individuals With Down Syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Review
- Preliminary evaluation of an adapted snack delay task for measuring inhibition in young children with Down syndrome.Research in developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- The relationship between language and executive functions in adolescents with Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a Modified Corsi Task to Assess Visuospatial Short-Term Memory in Young Children With Down Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Concurrent validity in language and motor domains on the Vineland-3 and Mullen Scales of Early Learning in young children with Down syndrome.Research in developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Preliminary psychometric properties of an inhibition task in young children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID · 2025Article
- A Review of Clinical Trials in Down Syndrome.International review of research in developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Computer and tablet assessments of executive function in youth with Down syndrome: feasibility and predictors of performance.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- Brain volumes, cognitive, and adaptive skills in school-age children with Down syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Laboratory-based measures of executive function and daily living skills in young children with Down syndrome: informing future interventions.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2024Article
- Psychometric evaluation of a working memory assessment measure in young children with Down syndrome.Research in developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Psychometric properties of inhibitory control measures among youth with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2023Article
- Evaluating an adapted reverse categorisation task to assess cognitive flexibility in young children with Down syndrome.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2023Article
- Evaluating Processing Speed and Reaction Time Outcome Measures in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Cognitive flexibility assessment in youth with Down syndrome: Reliability, practice effects, and validity.Research in developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Executive functioning and verbal fluency performance in youth with Down syndrome.Research in developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Evaluating Verbal Fluency Outcome Measures in Children With Down Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Considerations for measuring individual outcomes across contexts in Down syndrome: Implications for research and clinical trials.International review of research in developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Short-term memory outcome measures: Psychometric evaluation and performance in youth with Down syndrome.Research in developmental disabilities · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is a critical need for the psychometric evaluation of outcome measures to be used in clinical trials targeting cognition in Down syndrome (DS). This study examines a specific cognitive skill that is of particular importance in DS, working memory, and the psychometric properties of a set of standardised measurements to assess working memory in individuals with DS.
methodsNinety children and adolescents ages 6 to 18 years old with DS were assessed on a selection of verbal and visuospatial working memory subtests of standardised clinical assessments at two time points to examine feasibility, distributional qualities, test-retest reliability and convergent validity against a priori criteria. Caregivers also completed an adaptive behaviour questionnaire to address working memory subtests' associations with broader developmental functioning.
resultsThe Stanford Binet-5 Verbal Working Memory, Differential Ability Scales-2 Recognition of Pictures, Stanford Binet-5 Nonverbal Working Memory and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-5 Picture Span measures met the most psychometric criteria overall across the full age and IQ range of the study. Although Differential Ability Scales-2 Recall of Sequential Order and Differential Ability Scales-2 Recall of Digits Backward met the fewest a priori criteria, follow-up analyses suggested greater feasibility in specific age and IQ ranges.
conclusionsSeveral working memory measures appear to be psychometrically sound and appropriate for use in clinical trials for children with DS, especially when focusing on raw scores. However, floor effects on standard scores and feasibility of some measures were problematic. Guidelines for use of the working memory subtests with this population are provided.
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