ReviewClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2021
Sex and Gender Differences in Clinical Pharmacology: Implications for Transgender Medicine.
Review in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of androgens on drug metabolism and transport: clinical pharmacologic considerations for people assigned female at birth.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2026Article
- Do sex and gender matter in the pharmacological treatment of depression?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Effect of Testosterone Therapy on Cytochrome P450 3A and P-Glycoprotein Activities Using Midazolam and Digoxin as Probe Substrates Among Transgender Adults.Pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk of gender-affirming estrogen therapy in a transgender rat model.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Advancing drug-drug interactions research: integrating AI-powered prediction, vulnerable populations, and regulatory insights.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Transgender people in clinical trials of drugs and biologics: An analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov from 2007 to 2023.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Clinical pharmacology in adolescent transgender medicine.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Paving the way towards medicines for women and men.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Acting on sex and gender in medical innovation is good for business.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Article
- Inclusion of Transgender and Gender Diverse People in Phase III Trials: Examples from HIV Pharmacologic Prevention Studies.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Article
- Clinical Pharmacological Considerations in Transgender Medicine.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effects of Hormones on Breast Development and Breast Cancer Risk in Transgender Women.Cancers · 2022Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Among Transgender Adolescents and Young Adults Without HIV Receiving Gender Affirming Hormones.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Observational
- Diversity and Inclusion in Drug Development: Rethinking Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors with Patient Centricity.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Real-Life Therapeutic Concentration Monitoring of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine: Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Prospective Observational Study in Switzerland.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- A Retrospective Analysis of Creatinine-Based Kidney Function With and Without Sex Assigned at Birth Among Transgender Adults.The Annals of pharmacotherapy · 2022Article
- Southern African HIV Clinicians' Society gender-affirming healthcare guideline for South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Serum estradiol levels decrease after oophorectomy in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy.Asian journal of andrologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transgender adult population is growing globally, but clinical pharmacology has lagged behind other areas of transgender medicine. Medical care for transgender adults may include long-term testosterone or estrogen treatment to align secondary sex characteristics with gender identity. Clinicians often use drug-drug interaction data from the general adult population to predict medication disposition or safety among transgender adults. However, this approach does not address the complex pharmacodynamic effects of hormone therapy in transgender adults. In this review, we critically examine sex-related and gender-related differences in clinical pharmacology and apply these data to discuss current gaps in transgender medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.