Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33763712›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2021

In vitro and in vivo research of atmosphere pressure nonequilibrium plasmas on root canal disinfection: implication for alternative strategy for irrigation.

Yichen Yao, Ke Song, Hui Chen, Xiaoxiao Ding, Qi Shi, Xinpei Lu, Yingguang Cao

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Penetration depth of cold atmospheric plasma into biological tissue: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yichen YaoDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Ke SongDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Hui ChenDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Xiaoxiao DingDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Qi ShiDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Xinpei LuState Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Yingguang CaoDepartment of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, China. cyg0729@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-8689
Tongji Hospital · CNHuazhong University of Science and Technology · CN

Funding

Department of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial People's Government 2015BCE058National Natural Science Foundation of China 81271189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate an intracanal disinfection methodology of APNPs (atmosphere pressure nonequilibrium plasmas) or modified APNPs in root canal treatment and evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency against in vitro infected dentinal tubules and in vivo experimental apical periodontitis. MATERIALS AND

methodsDentine specimens were centrifugated with Enterococcus faecalis to generate 1-day-old and 3-week-old biofilms, and were treated with 2% chlorhexidine (Chx), APNP or modified APNP for 3 and 10 min (n=4). LIVE/DEAD staining was employed to analyze the ratio of deactivated bacteria. Experimental apical periodontitis in beagles was induced. Root canal therapy with APNPs or modified APNPs was performed and the antimicrobial effect was evaluated by histological and radiographical analyses.

resultsAPNP deactivated 1-day-old and 3-week-old E. feacalis in dentinal tubules as much as 2% Chx irrigating. Modified APNP significantly deactivated more E. faecalis biofilms in dentinal tubules for 3-min and 10-min treatments, without thermal damage or dentinal destruction being observed. In beagles' apical periodontitis, significantly increased BV/TV and decreased lesion volume of apical bone were found in modified APNP group than 2% Chx irrigation group according to μCT. Fewer inflammatory cells and bacterial residual in dentine were observed in modified APNP-treated apical tissue by histology staining compared with those in the 2% Chx irrigation group.

conclusionThe antimicrobial effect of APNP jet irradiation was comparable to that of 2% Chx irrigation. No structural damage in dentine or tissue necrosis at the periapical region was induced upon treatment. The modified APNP demonstrated an increased antimicrobial efficacy compared with 2% Chx irrigation both in vitro and in vivo. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The modified APNPs can be used as an alternative intracanal disinfection strategy.

Indexed as

Dental Pulp CavityRoot Canal IrrigantsAnimalsAtmosphereChlorhexidineDentinDisinfectionDogsEnterococcus faecalisRoot Canal TherapySodium HypochloriteTooth ApexChlorhexidineRoot Canal IrrigantsSodium Hypochlorite2% chlorhexidine irrigationApical periodontitisAtmosphere pressure nonequilibrium plasmaEndodontic disinfectionInfected dentine tubules

Identifiers

PMID33763712
OpenAlexW3138339315

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.