ArticleJournal of travel medicine2021
Trends of the global, regional and national incidence of malaria in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 and implications for malaria prevention.
Article in Journal of travel medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled prevalence of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among malaria patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of Anopheles stephensi in Horn of Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A longitudinal analysis of published clinical practice guidelines and their effect on disease burden.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Contemporary Anopheles vector species distribution in Scotland and its association with historical hotspots of malaria transmission.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Free fibula flap for secondary mandibular reconstruction after gunshot injuries in Tigray, northern Ethiopia : A 5-year review of microsurgical challenges and outcomes in a war zone.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Determinants of late malaria treatment among under-five children in West Africa.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Malaria in the 21st Century: Global Disease Burden, Epidemiological Insights, and Strategic Control Approaches.Biology · 2026Review
- Selection, counterselection, and conditional gene expression for genetic biocontrol of insects.Insect science · 2026Review
- A six years trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Central Ethiopia Region.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with malaria among children aged 6-59 months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a nationwide cross-sectional survey.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities and dynamic changes in sex differences in lifetime risks of peptic ulcer disease.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Determinants of malaria infection across different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of neglected tropical diseases and malaria in the general population, 1990-2021: Systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Coinfection of Malaria and Dengue Fever in Patients With Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illnesses in Ghana: A Narrative Review.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- An assessment of knowledge, practices, and malaria parasitaemia among artisanal gold miners and community members in Mudzi, Zimbabwe.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Significance of Nano Transition Metal Complexes as Anticancer and Antibacterial Therapeutic Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ecological drivers of malaria vector habitat and transmission over 1 year of long-lasting insecticidal net intervention in Côte d'Ivoire.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Unraveling global malaria incidence and mortality using machine learning and artificial intelligence-driven spatial analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of malaria among children aged 6-59 months in Tanzania: a nationwide cross-sectional study.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Trends of malaria incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years in Eastern Africa region from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis from Global Burden of Disease 2021 study.Malaria journal · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalaria is a life-threatening disease worldwide, but lacks studies on its incidence at the global level. We aimed to describe global trends and regional diversities in incidence of malaria infection, to make global tailored implications for malaria prevention.
methodsWe used the data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) and absolute number of malaria episodes showed the epidemic status of malaria infection. The estimated annual percentage change of ASR and changes in malaria episodes quantified the malaria incidence trends. The connection between ASRs and traveller number indicated infection risk for travellers.
resultsGlobally, the malaria ASR decreased by an average 0.80% (95% confidence interval 0.58-1.02%) per year from 1990 to 2019; however, it slightly increased from 3195.32 per 100 000 in 2015 to 3247.02 per 100 000 in 2019. The incidence rate of children under 5 was higher than other age groups. A total of 40 countries had higher ASRs in 2019 than in 2015, with the largest expansion in Cabo Verde (from 2.02 per 100 000 to 597.00 per 100 000). After 2015, the ASRs in high-middle, middle and low-middle Socio-demographic Index regions began to rise and the uptrends remained in 2019. Central, Western and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASRs since 1990, and traveller number in Eastern and Western Sub-Saharan Africa increased by 31.24 and 7.58%, respectively, from 2017 to 2018. Especially, most countries with ASR over 10 000 per 100 000 had increase in traveller number from 2017 to 2018, with the highest change by 89.56% in Mozambique.
conclusionsMalaria is still a public health threat for locals and travellers in Sub-Saharan Africa and other malaria-endemic areas, especially for children under 5. There were unexpected global uptrends of malaria ASRs from 2015 to 2019. More studies are needed to achieve the goal of malaria elimination.
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