ReviewFrontiers in oncology2021
MR-Guided Radiotherapy for Brain and Spine Tumors.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adoption of Hybrid MRI-Linac Systems for the Treatment of Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature Regarding Clinical and Technical Features.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Monitoring glioblastoma dynamics during chemoradiation on the 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging-linear accelerator.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Impact of field number and monitor units per segment on magnetic resonance-guided hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: plan quality, deliverability, and robustness trade-offs.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- The role of diffusion-weighted MRI in biological image-guided radiation therapy: a roadmap.Physics in medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Precision reirradiation in recurrent CNS tumors integrating biology techniques and multimodal care.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Adaptation of an arterial spin labeling sequence for the assessment of brain perfusion on a 0.35 T MR-Linac.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Multi-center diffusion-weighted MRI validation for 0.35T MR-Linac.Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) · 2026Article
- Temporospatial tumor dynamic changes in glioblastoma during radiotherapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences and Technologies in Adaptive Radiation Therapy.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Review
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry for Glioblastoma Response Assessment During Radiation Therapy on a 0.35 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Linear Accelerator.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Daily Glioblastoma Evolution During Chemoradiation Therapy on the 0.35T Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Linear Accelerator.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Article
- Deep Learning-Based Synthetic Computed Tomography for Low-Field Brain Magnetic Resonance-Guided Radiation Therapy.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2025Article
- A deep learning algorithm to generate synthetic computed tomography images for brain treatments from 0.35 T magnetic resonance imaging.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Adaptive treatment workflow and dosimetric evaluation of intracranial fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery on a low-field magnetic resonance-linear accelerator.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- The role of MRI in radiotherapy planning: a narrative review "from head to toe".Insights into imaging · 2024Review
- Validation of daily 0.35 T diffusion-weighted MRI for MRI-guided glioblastoma radiotherapy.Medical physics · 2024Article
- Optimization of treatment workflow for 0.35T MR-Linac system.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
- Validation of echo planar imaging based diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging on a 0.35 T MR-Linac.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Implementation and evaluation of a dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion protocol for glioblastoma using a 0.35 T MRI-Linac system.Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
MRI is the standard modality to assess anatomy and response to treatment in brain and spine tumors given its superb anatomic soft tissue contrast (e.g., T1 and T2) and numerous additional intrinsic contrast mechanisms that can be used to investigate physiology (e.g., diffusion, perfusion, spectroscopy). As such, hybrid MRI and radiotherapy (RT) devices hold unique promise for Magnetic Resonance guided Radiation Therapy (MRgRT). In the brain, MRgRT provides daily visualizations of evolving tumors that are not seen with cone beam CT guidance and cannot be fully characterized with occasional standalone MRI scans. Significant evolving anatomic changes during radiotherapy can be observed in patients with glioblastoma during the 6-week fractionated MRIgRT course. In this review, a case of rapidly changing symptomatic tumor is demonstrated for possible therapy adaptation. For stereotactic body RT of the spine, MRgRT acquires clear isotropic images of tumor in relation to spinal cord, cerebral spinal fluid, and nearby moving organs at risk such as bowel. This visualization allows for setup reassurance and the possibility of adaptive radiotherapy based on anatomy in difficult cases. A review of the literature for MR relaxometry, diffusion, perfusion, and spectroscopy during RT is also presented. These techniques are known to correlate with physiologic changes in the tumor such as cellularity, necrosis, and metabolism, and serve as early biomarkers of chemotherapy and RT response correlating with patient survival. While physiologic tumor investigations during RT have been limited by the feasibility and cost of obtaining frequent standalone MRIs, MRIgRT systems have enabled daily and widespread physiologic measurements. We demonstrate an example case of a poorly responding tumor on the 0.35 T MRIgRT system with relaxometry and diffusion measured several times per week. Future studies must elucidate which changes in MR-based physiologic metrics and at which timepoints best predict patient outcomes. This will lead to early treatment intensification for tumors identified to have the worst physiologic responses during RT in efforts to improve glioblastoma survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.