Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33762639›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

CRISPY-BRED and CRISPY-BRIP: efficient bacteriophage engineering.

Katherine S Wetzel, Carlos A Guerrero-Bustamante, Rebekah M Dedrick, Ching-Chung Ko, Krista G Freeman, Haley G Aull, Ashley M Divens, Jeremy M Rock, Kira M Zack, Graham F Hatfull

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Phage RyR-domain proteins degrade ADPR-based immune signals and fuel NADbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Smooth-to-rough morphotype switching, a mechanism of phage resistance inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  8. A fully synthetic Golden Gate assembly system for engineering aProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Genome synthesis, assembly, and rebooting of therapeutically useful high G+C% mycobacteriophages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. All the world's a phage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. The ecology and evolution of microbial immune systems: a look on the wild vibrio side.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Katherine S Wetzel *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Carlos A Guerrero-Bustamante *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Rebekah M Dedrick *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Ching-Chung KoDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Krista G FreemanDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Haley G AullDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Ashley M DivensDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Jeremy M RockDepartment of Host-Pathogen Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Kira M ZackDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
Graham F HatfullDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA. gfh@pitt.edu.

Funding

Bacteriophage diversity, dynamics, function, and exploitationR35GM131729 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Graham F. Hatfull · 2019 to 2026
$3.6M
Rapid, efficient determination of bacteriophage susceptibilityR21AI151264 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HATFULL, GRAHAM F. · 2020 to 2021
$411k
Howard Hughes Medical Institute 54308198Howard Hughes Medical Institute GT12053NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI151264NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM131729
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome engineering of bacteriophages provides opportunities for precise genetic dissection and for numerous phage applications including therapy. However, few methods are available for facile construction of unmarked precise deletions, insertions, gene replacements and point mutations in bacteriophages for most bacterial hosts. Here we describe CRISPY-BRED and CRISPY-BRIP, methods for efficient and precise engineering of phages in Mycobacterium species, with applicability to phages of a variety of other hosts. This recombineering approach uses phage-derived recombination proteins and Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR-Cas9.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesCRISPR-Cas SystemsElectroporationGenetic EngineeringRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID33762639
PMCPMC7990910

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.