Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33762337›Full record

ArticleScience advances2021

Lymphangiogenesis-inducing vaccines elicit potent and long-lasting T cell immunity against melanomas.

Maria Stella Sasso, Nikolaos Mitrousis, Yue Wang, Priscilla S Briquez, Sylvie Hauert, Jun Ishihara, Jeffrey A Hubbell, Melody A Swartz

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Repurposing Tumor Cells: A Paradigm Shift in Cell-Based Therapies for Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
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  6. Lymphatic transport in anti-tumor immunity and metastasis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Maria Stella SassoPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. melodyswartz@uchicago.edu mariastella.sasso@psioxus.com.ORCID 0000-0002-4625-9486
Nikolaos MitrousisPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Yue WangPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Priscilla S BriquezPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Sylvie HauertPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7066-0050
Jun IshiharaPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9083-9859
Jeffrey A HubbellPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0276-5456
Melody A SwartzPritzker School for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. melodyswartz@uchicago.edu mariastella.sasso@psioxus.com.ORCID 0000-0001-5484-1903
University of Chicago · US

Funding

Probing cellular, molecular and biomechanical barriers to immunotherapy in the tumor microenvironment with organotypic in vitro models of the tumor-lympho-immune interfaceR01CA253248 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI SWARTZ, MELODY ANN · 2021 to 2025
$2.8M
Paradoxical roles of tumor lymphangiogenesis on tumor immunity and implications for immunotherapy - Resubmission 01R01CA219304 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI SWARTZ, MELODY ANN · 2018 to 2022
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA219304NCI NIH HHS R01 CA253248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In melanoma, the induction of lymphatic growth (lymphangiogenesis) has long been correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis, but we recently showed it can synergistically enhance cancer immunotherapy and boost T cell immunity. Here, we develop a translational approach for exploiting this "lymphangiogenic potentiation" of immunotherapy in a cancer vaccine using lethally irradiated tumor cells overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and topical adjuvants. Our "VEGFC vax" induced extensive local lymphangiogenesis and promoted stronger T cell activation in both the intradermal vaccine site and draining lymph nodes, resulting in higher frequencies of antigen-specific T cells present systemically than control vaccines. In mouse melanoma models, VEGFC vax elicited potent tumor-specific T cell immunity and provided effective tumor control and long-term immunological memory. Together, these data introduce the potential of lymphangiogenesis induction as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy to consider in cancer vaccine design.

Indexed as

Cancer VaccinesMelanomaAnimalsLymphangiogenesisLymphatic MetastasisMiceT-LymphocytesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor CCancer VaccinesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor C

Identifiers

PMID33762337
PMCPMC7990326
OpenAlexW3137286939

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.